Adsorption of volatile organic compounds by pecan shell- and almond shell-based granular activated carbons

Bansode, Rishipal R.; Losso, Jack N.; Marshall, Wayne E.; Rao, R. Shyama Prasad; Portier, Ralph J.

doi:10.1016/s0960-8524(03)00117-2

Cited by 185 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It is obvious that the prepared activated carbon is having both high micropore and mesopore volume and it can be potentially used for phenol as well as dye removal from aqueous waste. Again the B.E.T surface area of prepared activated carbon is found to be 1358 m 2 /g which shows that it is comparable and better to the findings of earlier researchers 17 .…”

Section: Characterization Of Adsorbentsupporting

confidence: 84%

Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Almond Shells for Scavenging Phenolic Pollutants

2013

Chem Sci Trans

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Abstract:The present work comprises study of almond shell activated carbon (ASAC) impregnated by H 3 PO 4 used as adsorbent. The objective of this work was to determine the ability of activated carbon in phenol removal. The activated carbon in the study was of size +1 to -4.75 mm. ASAC is found to be inexpensive and effective adsorbent for removal of phenol from aqueous solution. Prepared activated carbon was characterized by determining Iodine number and methylene blue number to examine the extent and nature of porosity. The higher methylene blue number demonstrates that fairly mesoporous carbon has been developed by the process which can facilitate its applicability as potential dye removal adsorbent. N 2 BET surface area has been found to be quite comparable to commercially available carbon. The FTIR results strongly support significant spectral and chemical changes occurring with the activation of the almond shells for phosphoric acid treatment. The physical morphology clearly shows that the data obtained is consistent to the structural surface as determined by analyzing the SEM micrographs.

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Section: Characterization Of Adsorbentsupporting

confidence: 84%

Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Almond Shells for Scavenging Phenolic Pollutants

2013

Chem Sci Trans

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“…Both systems, however, initially require adequate ventilation. Adsorption on activated carbon has undoubtedly been the most popular and widely used technology in the treatment of exhaust gases throughout the world (Bansode et al, 2003;Christian and Verga, 2004;Lillo-Ro'denas et al, 2005). Due to its suitable surface for microbial attachment, GAC itself has been used as a biofilter medium in the biological treatment of odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs); however, little is known regarding the clean-up of airborne bioaerosols from the air by adsorption on activated carbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of airborne microorganisms emitted from a wastewater treatment oxidation ditch by adsorption on activated carbon

Gao

Liu

et al. 2011

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Bioaerosol emissions from wastewater and wastewater treatment processes are a significant subgroup of atmospheric aerosols. Most previous work has focused on the evaluation of their biological risks. In this study, however, the adsorption method was applied to reduce airborne microorganisms generated from a pilot scale wastewater treatment facility with oxidation ditch. Results showed adsorption on granule activated carbon (GAC) was an efficient method for the purification of airborne microorganisms. The GAC itself had a maximum adsorption capacity of 2217 CFU/g for airborne bacteria and 225 CFU/g for fungi with a flow rate of 1.50 m 3 /hr. Over 85% of airborne bacteria and fungi emitted from the oxidation ditch were adsorbed within 80 hr of continuous operation mode. Most of them had a particle size of 0.65-4.7 μm. Those airborne microorganisms with small particle size were apt to be adsorbed. The SEM/EDAX, BET and Boehm's titration methods were applied to analyse the physicochemical characteristics of the GAC. Relationships between GAC surface characteristics and its adsorption performance demonstrated that porous structure, large surface area, and hydrophobicity rendered GAC an effective absorber of airborne microorganisms. Two regenerate methods, ultraviolet irradiation and high pressure vapor, were compared for the regeneration of used activated carbon. High pressure vapor was an effective technique as it totally destroyed the microorganisms adhered to the activated carbon. Microscopic observation was also carried out to investigate original and used adsorbents.

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“…The results showed that secondary treatment could remove most of the toxicants in raw water and that SS-UF-RO and SS-AC perform better compare to all the other technologies tested. Based on chemical measurements, the AC process has been shown to more efficiently remove organic compounds and heavy metals from waters (Bansode et al, 2003;Dinesh and Kunwar, 2002). Similarly, recent research has shown that UF-RO also effectively removed trace toxicants (Brehant et al, 2002).…”

Section: Acute Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, membrane filtration has high virus removal efficiency and was increasingly applied in disinfection processes for raw water and municipal effluent reuse (Madaeni et al, 1995;Glucina et al, 2000;Mousa et al, 2003). Activated carbon is effective in the adsorbent removal of volatile organic compounds in sewage treatment (Bansode et al, 2003). With the wrong selection, some treatment technologies may result in the discharges of toxic chemicals and pathogenic microorganisms (Chaler et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing technological feasibility for wastewater reclamation based on early life stage toxicity of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Zha

Wang

2005

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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To assess technological feasibility for reuse of secondary effluent from sewage treatment plant, the effects of raw sewage (RW) water sample and effluents samples from secondary treatment (SS), ultrafiltration treatment after SS (SS-UF), microfiltration treatment after SS (SS-MF), activated carbon column adsorption after SS (SS-AC), as well as reverse osmosis treatment after SS-UF (SS-UF-RO) were assessed using embryo larval development of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Samples of RW and effluents from secondary treatment were taken from Beixiaohe sewage treatment plant (STP) in Beijing, China. Newly fertilized embryos (<5-h-old) were exposed to these water samples at different concentration gradients (including 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25% effluent concentrations) in a 24-h static renewal system at 25 AE 1 8C for 15 day post-hatch. The assay considered both acute toxicity using endpoint of 96-h larval morality and chronic toxicity using endpoints including the time to hatch, hatching success, deformity, growth rate, swim-up failure, accumulative mortality and sex ratio. In the 96-h larval mortality test, 96h LC50 for RW, and effluents from SS, SS-UF and SS-MF on medaka larval were 33.7, 62.9, 60.0, 64.4% concentrations, respectively. However, no acute toxicity was observed for effluents from SS-AC and SS-UF-RO. No embryos exposed to 100% RW effluent hatched. Most of the endpoints were alternated when the fish was exposed to effluents from SS, RW, SS-UF, SS-MF that were 50-100% concentration, except those of growth and time to hatch (P < 0.05). The sex ratio of the larvae was alternated when exposed to 25% effluents from RW and 50% effluents from SS, SS-UF and SS-MF. Sex ratios in treatments with effluents from SS-AC and SS-UF-RO were not significantly different with the controls. However, embryos lesions and swim-up failure were still significantly different from the controls for 100% effluent from SS-AC (P < 0.05) and swim-up failure and larval growth could be observed for 100% effluent from SS-UF-RO (P < 0.05). We conclude that acute toxicity was present in the sewage water and secondary treatment could remove only part of the toxicants. As advanced treatment technologies, membrane technologies could not further remove trace toxicants and endocrine disruptors. Activated carbon adsorption and reverse osmosis were effective in removing most of the toxicants, but discharge without dilution could still manifest potential ecological risk on

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Adsorption of volatile organic compounds by pecan shell- and almond shell-based granular activated carbons

Cited by 185 publications

References 13 publications

Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Almond Shells for Scavenging Phenolic Pollutants

Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Almond Shells for Scavenging Phenolic Pollutants

Removal of airborne microorganisms emitted from a wastewater treatment oxidation ditch by adsorption on activated carbon

Assessing technological feasibility for wastewater reclamation based on early life stage toxicity of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

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