Adsorptive Remediation of Hazardous Crystal Violet Dye using Ni_1‐xZn_xFe₂O₄ Magnetic Nanocomposites

Abstract

Crystal violet (CV) dye is one of the most poisonous colors primarily produced in the textile industry. In the current study, the co-precipitation assisted ultrasonic radiation method was used to synthesized Ni 1-x Zn x Fe 2 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles for the CV dye removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorbents were characterized by vibrating specimen magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and nitrogen sorption analysis. XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of Ni 1-x Zn x Fe 2 O 4 single phase with a characteristic diffraction (311) peak at 2θ = 35.5°. XPS analysis proved the successful substitution of Ni 2 + by Zn 2 + ions in the spinel structure. N 2 sorption revealed that, the prepared adsorbent exhibited a mesoporous structure of slit shaped and narrow entrances, especially at high annealing temperatures. Results revealed that the magnetic Ni 0.1 Zn 0.9 Fe 2 O 4 nano adsorbent offered a maximum adsorption capacity of 473.9 mg g À 1 at pH 10.0, which is significantly greater than that of the other noted for CV removal. In addition, ferromagnetic nature was observed by Ni 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 with a saturation magnetization value of 60.1 emg/g. Equilibrium and kinetic studies demonstrated that, the adsorption is of chemical nature and controlled with pore and film diffusion. Finally, we concluded that Ni 1-x Zn x Fe 2 O 4 can be utilized as a potential magnetic composite for the purification of CV contaminated water.

Solvent‐Less Synthesis of Compositionally Tuned Mixed Metal (Ni−Zn) Ferrites for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Splitting and Supercapacitance

“…Although no solvent or surfactant was employed, the phase purity was comparable to the spinel solid solutions obtained by the wet‐chemical synthesis. Some examples of solution‐based protocols that yielded similar results on the structural phase are sol‐gel auto‐combustion, [25] co‐precipitation‐assisted ultrasonic radiation method, [26] solvothermal synthesis, [27] and spraying‐coprecipitation method [28]…”