Adult attachment and perceived parental style may shape leadership behaviors

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of both attachment and parental styles in shaping leadership behavioral patterns. Research predictions were that childhood perceived parental experiences will be associated with attachment style, and that both perceived parental and attachment styles will fulfill a significant role in shaping the individual’s leadership orientation in adulthood. Design/methodology/approach The authors tested the research hypotheses with a field survey data from 90 supervisors belonging to diverse industrial and service organizations. During their attendance in a leadership seminar, the managers’ attachment style was assessed using the Experiences in Close Relationship Inventory. They were also asked to report on their childhood experiences using the Parenting Style Index, and to answer questions regarding their leadership behavior, using a short version of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Findings Results indicated associations between parental style, attachment style, and leadership. Specifically, parental autonomy granting was negatively associated with both attachment anxiety and avoidance. Both transformational and transactional leadership styles were positively associated with parental autonomy, but only transformational leadership was also positively associated with parental involvement. In addition, transactional leadership was positively associated with attachment avoidance in close relationships. Research limitations/implications Testing the contributions of perceived parental style in childhood and attachment style in adulthood to the manager’s manifested leadership style helps to advance our theoretical understanding of important leadership antecedents. The findings may also help practitioners in developing leadership skills and assisting managers in finding ways to moderate their natural tendencies and better depend on, delegate, and empower subordinates. Originality/value This empirical study provides evidence of the important role of perceived parental style in the development of adult attachment and leadership styles. The effects found in the study also extend the existing findings by showing that not only the attachment style but also parental style play a significant role in shaping the individual’s leadership behaviors.

Leader development across the lifespan: A dynamic experiences-grounded approach

“…In addition, one's infant attachment style with caregivers is consistent with his or her adulthood attachment style in close relations (Popper & Mayseless, 2003;Mayseless, 2010). One's secure attachment in adulthood is closely related to his or her implicit leadership theories (Keller, 2003), leader emergence in team tasks (Berson, Dan, & Yammarino, 2006;Popper & Amit, 2009b), prosocial motives to lead (Davidovitz, Mikulincer, Shaver, Izsak, & Popper, 2007), transformational leadership behaviors (Eldad & Benatov, 2018;Popper, 2002;Popper, Mayseless, & Castelnovo, 2000), as well as leadership effectiveness in terms of leader-follower relationship and followers' performance (Davidovitz et al, 2007;Popper & Mayseless, 2003;Ryff & Singer, 1998).…”

The role of Dark Triad of personality in the relashionship between attachment type and leadership style

“…The idea of the exploration of the links between attachment types and leadership styles originated from Freud's analogy between the leader and a father figure (Eldad & Benatov, 2018). The Attachment Theory can be incorporated in the leadership domain because of the similar dynamics the infant-caregiver and the subordinate-leader relationships share (Popper & Mayseless, 2003).…”

The relationship between perceived parenting style and attachment styles, depending on the family structure

“…Childhood cancer has been associated with a high level of emotional warmth from parents, reduced avoidance and a high probability of being in a relationship (Lehmann et al, 2017). Last but not least, the research conducted by Eldad and Benatov (2018) highlights a link between parenting style, attachment type and leadership. More specifically, giving parental independence has been associated with reduced degrees of avoidance and anxiety within the attachment.…”