Adult Attachment Patterns and Individual Psychotherapy: A Review

Left behind: A review of therapist and process variables influencing dropout from individual psychotherapy

“…Alliance is defined as the patient and therapist sharing common goals or purpose with the therapy, with the patient's sense of safety and trust in the therapy process and in the therapist, while the relational concept of being together describes the many layers of the moment-to-moment intermodal exchange, affect attunement and the matrix of intermodal equivalence in the relationship between patient and therapist. Being together holds the paradox of individuation growing out of symbiosis within the earliest and most basic modes of communication far beyond words (Daniel, 2006;Crits-Cristoph & Connolly-Gibbons, 2001;Hilsenroth & Cromer, 2007;Jørgensen, 2004;Kolden et al, 2005;Kumin, 1996;Lambert, 2004;Norcross & Wampold, 2011;Puchner et al, 2005;Stern, 1985;Stern, 2004). An early established and strong alliance predicts continuation but the contrary does not doom the therapy since the therapist's skill may remedy (Puchner et al, 2005).…”

“…An early established and strong alliance predicts continuation but the contrary does not doom the therapy since the therapist's skill may remedy (Puchner et al, 2005). The skill of the therapist often means an adaptation of interventions, attitude and an overall approach according to the patients' specific needs and difficulties caught within the alliance but even more within the matrix or thickly woven fabric of being together (Crits-Cristoph & Connolly-Gibbons, 2001;Daniel, 2006;Hilsenroth & Cromer, 2007;Kolden et al, 2005;Lindgren, Werbart & Philips, 2010;Kumin, 1996;Norcross & Wampold, 2011;Stern, 2004). Psychotherapy outcome can be enhanced by matching patient characteristics and therapist qualities (Norcross & Wampold, 2011).…”

Therapeutic Alliance: A Concept for the Childbearing Season

“…Recent studies link adult attachment patterns to differences in client and therapist behaviors, to differences in the quality of a therapeutic alliance, and to differences in outcomes (Daniel, 2006). The foundation of this research can be traced to Bowlby's (1969Bowlby's ( , 1988 attachment theory.…”

Therapeutic Alliance: Evolution and Relationship With Attachment in Psychotherapy

“…Estas habilidades de calmarse y regular las emociones permiten a los adultos imaginar que están calmados mediante una figura de apego o posponer la búsqueda de comodidad hasta que esa figura de sostén esté disponible (Mikulincer y Shaver, 2007). La dependencia en la niñez es idealmente reemplazada por autonomía emocional en los adultos, aunque los seres humanos sanos continúan confiando y dependiendo en las relaciones de apego en tiempos de peligro, vulnerabilidad o enfermedad (Daniel, 2006).…”

“…En el adulto son relativamente estables, debido a que la nueva experiencia es asimilada a un modelo de trabajo existente y porque los patrones ocasionan la auto-perpetuación de los comportamientos interaccionales. Sin embargo, éstos podrán cambiar en la medida que el individuo experimente relaciones interpersonales que se desvíen significativamente de los modelos prototípicos tempranos (Daniel, 2006). Ainsworth (1989) describió tres categorías (A, B y C) que se corresponden con los estilos de apego evitativo, seguro y ansioso.…”