Adult chicken alpha-globin genes alpha A and alpha D: no anemic shock alpha-globin exists in domestic chickens.

Abstract

Three a-type globin genes have been identified in the a-globin linkage group of chickens. No other a-type genes have been directly shown to be within 10 kilobase pairs of any of these three closely linked genes. These three genes have been conclusively identified by DNA sequence analysis. The gene at the 5' end of the linkage group is an embryonic a-type globin gene, ar or ir, and the central gene corresponds to the minor adult aglobin, aD. The 3'-terminal gene sequence corresponds to the sequence of cDNA clones previously described as "71", a presumed anemic shock-induced a-globin gene

Stimulation of Trypanosoma cruzi adenylyl cyclase by an alpha D-globin fragment from Triatoma hindgut: effect on differentiation of epimastigote to trypomastigote forms.

“…3, a-globin chains from at least three vertebrate species, chicken, mouse, and human, have extensive amino acid homologies (26,29,30 Trieste (United Nations Industrial Development Organization); and by Fundaci6n Antorchas (Argentina).…”

Primitive and definitive erythropoiesis in the yolk sac: a birds eye view

“…Since the first report of partial beta globin peptide sequences from normal and sickle human blood cells (Ingram, 1956), efforts were made throughout the sixties and seventies to understand developmental changes in chicken hemoglobin heterogeneity at the protein level (Beaupain et al, 1979;Brown and Ingram, 1974;Bruns and Ingram, 1973;Fraser, 1961;Hashimoto and Wilt, 1966;Manwell et al, 1966;Manwell et al, 1963;Saha, 1964;Saha and Ghosh, 1965;Shimizu, 1972;Simons, 1966;van der Helm and Huisman, 1958;Wilt, 1962;Wilt, 1967). This was followed by the elucidation of chicken hemoglobin genes and genomic organization in the early eighties Dodgson et al, 1981;Dodgson et al, 1979;Dolan et al, 1983;Dolan et al, 1981;Engel and Dodgson, 1980;Engel et al, 1983;Reitman et al, 1993;Villeponteau et al, 1982;Villeponteau and Martinson, 1981) and of developmental changes in hemoglobin transcript profiles in the ninties (Mason et al, 1995;Minie et al, 1992). These studies, together with more recent genomic analysis, can be summarized as follows.…”

The Primary Structure of Hemoglobin D from the Aldabra Giant Tortoise, Geochelone gigantea

“…Among them, hemoglobin D (Hb D) was first found in birds as a minor component of the embryonic and adult definitive erythrocytes (Hagopian and Ingram, 1971;Brown and Ingram, 1974). Based on functional studies of Hb D, the presence of α D -globin raises the oxygen affinity and might be one such adaptation of insufficient oxygen supply as observed in the embryonic stages (Dodgson et al ., 1981;Chapman et al ., 1982) or extreme hypoxic and even anoxic conditions (Rücknagel and Braunitzer, 1988). On the other hand, the primary structure of α D -globin of Hb D shows closely resemblance with embryonic hemoglobins (Chapman et al ., 1982) and thus, the Hb D is of interest for the study of the molecular evolution of Amniota globins because the distribution of the α D -globin, to date, has been restricted in Aves and Reptilia (Rücknagel et al ., 1984;Abbasi et al ., 1988;Rücknagel et al ., 1988;Matsuura et al ., 1989;Fushitani et al ., 1996;Gorr et al ., 1998;Accession No.…”