Adult coping with childhood sexual abuse: A theoretical and empirical review

Walsh, Kerryann; Fortier, Michelle A.; DiLillo, David

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2009.06.009

Cited by 156 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Adults who have experienced childhood sexual abuse are not a homogenous group and there are no simple causal relationships between sexual abuse in childhood and the well-being of individual adults (Walsh, Fortiere & DeLillo, 2010;Wilson, 2010). Walsh et al (2010) highlight the dynamic nature of strategies individuals use to manage sexual abuse experiences over time; importantly they suggest that in some instances strategies that are generally framed as positive may have some negative outcomes and vice versa. Draucker et al (2011) emphasise the need to move away from a focus on negative behaviours and propose a healing model which includes four stages: grappling with the meaning of the abuse, figuring out the meaning of the abuse, tackling the effects and finally laying claim to one's life.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Influence of Child Sexual Abuse on the Self from Adult Narrative Perspectives

Krayer

Seddon

Robinson

et al. 2015

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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The impact of child sexual abuse on the adult self is not yet clearly understood. We explored adult perspectives through the use of narrative interviews (N = 30). Three key themes or views of self were identified in all narratives to varying degrees: the worthless self, the self as unknown and the potential/developing self. Ambivalence and tension were present in all narratives. Individuals are challenged to integrate the sexual abuse experience in a constructive way and develop a more coherent perception of the self while supporting present agency and a positive outlook to the future. This is an on-going process and different views of the self may come to the fore at different times. The narrative method highlighted the dynamic nature of peoples' experiences at the same time recognising that the narratives themselves are in progress. Reactions to disclosure, social support and interpersonal connections are crucial at every turn.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Child Sexual Abuse on the Self from Adult Narrative Perspectives

Krayer

Seddon

Robinson

et al. 2015

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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“…Walsh, Fortier, & Dilillo (2010) found a relationship between a history of childhood sexual abuse and emotion-oriented coping in a sample of university students. Sesar et al (2010) and Hager, & Runtz (2012) studied coping and CMT and proposed that avoidance and denial strategies are among the more common coping strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Early Developmental Trauma in Social Anxiety Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2015

Holistic Perspectives on Trauma

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A personal history of childhood maltreatment has been associated with unfavorable outcomes in bipolar disorder (BD). The impact of early life stressors on the course of BD may be influenced by individual differences in coping skills. The coping construct relies on neurocognitive mechanisms that are usually influenced by childhood maltreatment. The objective of the present study was to verify the association between childhood maltreatment and coping skills in individuals with BD Type 1. Thirty female euthymic outpatients with BD Type 1 were evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and two additional instruments to measure their coping preferences: Ways of Coping Questionnaire (coping strategies) and Brief COPE (coping styles). Reports of physical abuse (B = .64, p ≤ .01) and emotional abuse (B = .44, p = .01) were associated with the use of maladaptive strategies that focused on emotional control. Adaptive strategies and styles of coping, such as focusing on the problem, were chosen less frequently by women who had experienced emotional neglect (B = .53, p ≤ .01) and physical abuse (B = -.48, p ≤ .01) in childhood. The small sample size in the present study prevented subgroup analyses. The sample did not include male BD participants. Our results indicate that early traumatic events may have a long-lasting deleterious influence on coping abilities in female BD patients. Future prospective studies may investigate whether the negative impact of childhood maltreatment over the course of BD is mediated by individual differences in coping abilities.

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“…De ese modo, el análi-sis de factores potencialmente protectores asociados a un mejor ajuste o resiliencia en víctimas de abuso sexual puede ofrecer pistas para el diseño de intervenciones preventivas . Así, se han estudiado ciertas diferencias individuales en el procesamiento cognitivo de la experiencia abusiva, tales como el estilo de afrontamiento (Walsh, Fortier y DiLillo, 2010), las atribuciones de responsabilidad , los sentimientos provocados por el abuso (Feiring, Simon y Cleland, 2009) o el estilo de apego de la víctima (McElheran, Briscoe-Smith, Khaylis, Westrup, Hayward y Gore-Felton, 2012), por su papel en la recuperación tras el ASI.…”

Section: Variables Cognitivas De La Víctimaunclassified

Consecuencias del abuso sexual infantil: una revisión de las variables intervinientes

Cantón-Cortés

Cortés

2015

analesps

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Resumen: En las últimas décadas el abuso sexual infantil (ASI) ha suscitado un gran interés, tanto entre la comunidad científica, como en la sociedad en general, debido a su prevalencia y consecuencias a corto y a largo plazo. Aunque la mayoría de los estudios que han examinado las secuelas del ASI enumeran numerosas dificultades psicológicas, sociales, conductuales y físi-cas, ciertamente no todas las víctimas de abuso infantil muestran un daño significativo posterior, existiendo una amplia variabilidad en el ajuste de las víctimas. Ante esta diversidad el presente trabajo, tras realizar una revisión de las consecuencias a corto y largo plazo del ASI, pretende discernir cuales son las principales variables que determinan los efectos del abuso sobre la víctimas. Las características del abuso, víctima y agresor, los factores situacionales y, especialmente, las variables cognitivas de la víctima se han demostrado como eficaces para explicar la gravedad de la sintomatología. Concretamente, las investigaciones realizadas en los últimos años han encontrado que la sustitución de estrategias de afrontamiento de evitación por estrategias de aproximación, la eliminación de las atribuciones de autoinculpación e inculpación a la familia y de los sentimientos relacionados con las cuatro dinámicas traumatogénicas y la promoción de un estilo de apego seguro resultarían beneficiosos a la hora de prevenir futuros problemas causados por la experiencia de abuso. Palabras clave: Abuso sexual infantil; consecuencias; variables intervinientes; características del abuso; factores situacionales; variables cognitivas.Title: Child sexual abuse consequences: a review of intervening variables. Abstract: Over the last few decade child sexual abuse (CSA) have provoked a great deal of interest, both among the scientific community and the society, due to its prevalence and short and long term consequences. Although most of the studies examining CSA sequelae list numerous psychological, social, behavioral and physical difficulties, certainly not every child abuse survivor shows a significant harm thereafter, existing a great variability on the survivor´s adjustment. In light of this diversity the present work, after review the short and long term consequences of CSA, attempt to discern which are the main variables that determine the effects of the abuse on the survivors. Characteristics of the abuse, survivor and perpetrator, situational factors and, specially, survivor´s cognitive variables have been proved as efficient in order to explain the symptomatology severity. Specifically, studies have found that replacing avoidance coping strategies by approaching ones, eliminating self-blame and family blame attributions and the four traumagenic dynamics feelings, as well as promoting a secure attachment style would have a positive impact in order to prevent future problems caused by the experience of abuse. Key words: Child sexual abuse; consequences; intervening variables; abuse characteristics; situational factors; cognitive variables. Introducc...

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Adult coping with childhood sexual abuse: A theoretical and empirical review

Cited by 156 publications

References 97 publications

The Influence of Child Sexual Abuse on the Self from Adult Narrative Perspectives

The Influence of Child Sexual Abuse on the Self from Adult Narrative Perspectives

An Analysis of Early Developmental Trauma in Social Anxiety Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Consecuencias del abuso sexual infantil: una revisión de las variables intervinientes

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