Adult Food Intake Patterns Are Related to Adult and Childhood Socioeconomic Status1–3

Abstract

Our objective was to examine the influence of adult and childhood socioeconomic status (SES) on attained adult food intake patterns. We used data from a 20- to 22-y follow-up study of 1904 Danish teenagers. The baseline survey was conducted partly in 1983 and partly in 1985 and the follow-up survey was conducted in 2005. Dietary data were collected at follow-up using a 195-item FFQ. Food patterns were derived from principal component analysis. Two food patterns labeled "traditional-western food pattern" and "green food pattern" were identified. In men, adult SES was inversely associated with adherence to the traditional-western food pattern. High adherence to the green food pattern was positively related to high adult SES in both sexes. Among women, those with high SES in childhood had higher green food pattern factor scores than those with low childhood SES, regardless of adult SES. Among men, those with high adult SES had higher green food pattern factor scores than those with low adult SES, regardless of childhood SES. In conclusion, socioeconomic position is important for the development of adult food intake patterns. However, childhood SES seems more important for adult female food intake patterns, whereas adult SES seems more important for adult male food intake patterns.

Persistent and occasional poverty and children's food consumption: evidence from a longitudinal Québec birth cohort

“…Although nutrition has been found to sometimes improve with increasing age, poor dietary patterns during childhood can track into adolescence and adulthood,12 13 and are particularly strong among adults persistently living in low SES since childhood 39. This study detected an association between poverty and nutritional disparities at a young age.…”

“…Existing longitudinal studies are limited and have primarily focused on diet during adolescence,9–11 and the longitudinal association between household income and diet quality in preadolescence is unclear. However, because diet patterns in adolescence are already established,10 and shape adult diet quality and nutrition,12 13 improving our understanding of the predictors of diet quality in childhood is an important public health objective. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between income and nutritional behaviours from birth through childhood; more specifically, how the association may differ across childhood and early adolescence in a birth cohort of children from Québec.…”

Posição socioeconômica no curso de vida e comportamentos de risco relacionados à saúde: ELSA-Brasil

“…É possível, entretanto, que os comportamentos relacionados à saúde também sejam influenciados pela experiência de adversidades socioeconômi-cas em períodos anteriores do curso de vida, como a infância e a juventude. Estudos sugerem que a exposição a adversidades socioeconômicas na juventude 12 e, sobretudo na infância 13,14,15,16 , podem impactar negativamente no padrão da dieta 13,14 , prática de atividade física 15 e consumo de tabaco 12,16 , independentemente da posição socioeconômica atingida na vida adulta. Entretanto, diferentemente das DCNT que não são reversíveis, comportamentos podem ser alterados.…”

“…Estudos sugerem que a posição socioeconômica na infância tende a ser mais importante na determinação dos comportamentos em mulheres, já a posição socioeconômica na vida adulta seria mais relevante para os homens 14,16 , mas as evidências quanto a diferenças por gênero nestas associações ainda são escassas e inconsistentes. Por exemplo, a associação das desvantagens socioeconômicas no início da vida com o tabagismo atual, ex-tabagismo, obesidade 16 e pior padrão de consumo alimentar 14 mantiveram-se significantes apenas em mulheres, após ajuste pela condição socioeconômica atual. No entanto, diversos trabalhos mostram associações entre desvantagens na posição socioeconômica em etapas anteriores e o baixo consumo de frutas e vegetais 13 e ex-tabagismo 20 em homens, independentemente da posição socioeconômica na vida adulta.…”

Padrões alimentares estimados por técnicas multivariadas: uma revisão da literatura sobre os procedimentos adotados nas etapas analíticas

“…Concerning the criteria used to group the foods obtained from collecting food intake data (step before the input of data in the multivariate techniques), 22% (n = 42) used preexisting groups from the FFQ, 14% (n = 26) adopted as a criterion the nutritional composition, 26% (n = 46) did not present any information about the used criteria, and remaining 38% (n = 75) reported: official agencies/dietary 164,172,187,191,193,198,203,204) 168,170,[174][175][176]178,179,183,184,[186][187][188][190][191][192][193]198,199,204,205) On the basis of the names of the foods 25 (42) 14 (24) 143,144,148,156,160,162,163,169,171,172,181,182,185,192,194) PCA: principal component analysis; FA: factor analysis; RRR: reduced regression rank; CVD: cardiovascular diseases; FFQ: Food Frequency Questionnaire; 24HR: 24-hour dietary recall. *Combination of two or more criteria within the same characteristic.…”