Adult lead exposure increases blood-retinal permeability: A risk factor for retinal vascular disease

Shen, Xuefeng; Huang, Ping; Fox, Donald A.; Yan, Lin; Zhao, Zai-Hua; Wang, Wen; Wang, Ji-Ye; Liu, Xin-Qin; Chen, Jingyuan; Luo, Wenjing

doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2016.09.013

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Shen et al . [ 35 ] have indicated that environmental and occupational lead exposures induced increases in PI3K-Akt signalling and partially underlie the increased blood-retinal-barrier permeability. They suggested that lead exposure may be the risk factor for increased blood-retinal-barrier permeability in diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetes and stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between blood lead level and blood pressure: An occupational population-based study in Jiangsu province, China

et al. 2018

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Studies about the association between lead exposure and the elevation of blood pressure and risk of hypertension are varied, while available data on blood lead levels (BLL) in workers with lead-exposure are scarce. This research aimed to evaluate associations between BLL and blood pressure in an occupational population-based study in Jiangsu province, China. We enrolled 21,688 workers in this study. Information on socioeconomic and occupational background was obtained with face-to-face interviews. BLL, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured, and hypertension status was confirmed. We found that workers in mini-factories had the highest average BLL (20.3 μg/dL; 95% CI, 19.0–21.6 μg/dL) for overall participants. The employees in private factories had higher BLL (9.6 μg/dL; 95% CI, 9.5–9.8 μg/dL). However, BLL was much lower (4.0 μg/dL; 95%CI, 3.7–4.2 μg/dL) in state-owned factories. Participants working in the electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry had higher BLL (9.1 μg/dL; 95% CI, 9.0–9.3μg/dL). Compared to those workers with ≤ 4.6 μg/dL BLL, workers with > 17.5 μg/dL BLL presented 1.34 mmHg and 0.70 mmHg average difference in SBP and DBP, respectively. The adjusted OR for hypertension was 1.11 (95%CI, 1.08–1.15) compared to the workers with > 17.5 μg/dL BLL and to those with ≤ 4.6 μg/dL BLL. In summary, we found that BLL was positively associated with SBP and DBP and with the morbidity of hypertension in occupational populations with a high concentration of lead exposure. It is important to formulate new standards of blood lead levels to screen for elevated lead exposure. In addition, a series of new systems of risk assessment should be established to further reduce and prevent lead exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between blood lead level and blood pressure: An occupational population-based study in Jiangsu province, China

et al. 2018

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“…Prolonged exposure to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water has been associated with an increased incidence of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular mortality [117]. Similarly, exposure to lead and cadmium, often found in contaminated water sources, has been linked to an elevated risk of developing cardiovascular diseases [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126]. Other pollutants present in water pollution that can pose harm to the cardiovascular system include mercury.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposome and unhealthy aging: environmental drivers from air pollution to occupational exposures

Pandics,

Major,

Fazekas-Pongor

et al. 2023

GeroScience

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The aging population worldwide is facing a significant increase in age-related non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular and brain pathologies. This comprehensive review paper delves into the impact of the exposome, which encompasses the totality of environmental exposures, on unhealthy aging. It explores how environmental factors contribute to the acceleration of aging processes, increase biological age, and facilitate the development and progression of a wide range of age-associated diseases. The impact of environmental factors on cognitive health and the development of chronic age-related diseases affecting the cardiovascular system and central nervous system is discussed, with a specific focus on Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, small vessel disease, and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Aging is a major risk factor for these diseases. Their pathogenesis involves cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging such as increased oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial function, DNA damage, and inflammation and is influenced by environmental factors. Environmental toxicants, including ambient particulate matter, pesticides, heavy metals, and organic solvents, have been identified as significant contributors to cardiovascular and brain aging disorders. These toxicants can inflict both macro- and microvascular damage and many of them can also cross the blood–brain barrier, inducing neurotoxic effects, neuroinflammation, and neuronal dysfunction. In conclusion, environmental factors play a critical role in modulating cardiovascular and brain aging. A deeper understanding of how environmental toxicants exacerbate aging processes and contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, VCI, and dementia is crucial for the development of preventive strategies and interventions to promote cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and brain health. By mitigating exposure to harmful environmental factors and promoting healthy aging, we can strive to reduce the burden of age-related cardiovascular and brain pathologies in the aging population.

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“…Previous studies have classified the exposure routes for retinal toxicity into three main categories: systemic, topical instillation (Ema et al, 2011), and intravitreal injection (Cai et al, 2014; Chen et al, 2006). Systemic exposure routes, such as intravenous injection (Ogata et al, 1989), inhalation (Boyes et al, 2016), intraperitoneal injection (Roozbehi et al, 2007), subcutaneous injection (Roozbehi et al, 2007), and oral route (Shen et al, 2016), are generally ineffective as a result of the dilution of pollutants and limited permeability of the blood–retina barrier. Topical instillation may also result in low ocular bioavailability because of the effects of cornea, conjunctiva, and precorneal factors on chemical penetration.…”

Section: Retinal Toxicity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution effects on retinal health: A review on current methodologies and findings

et al. 2023

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In our daily life, we are exposed to numerous industrial chemicals that may be harmful to the retina, which is a delicate and sensitive part of our eyes. This could lead to irreversible changes and cause retinal diseases or blindness. Current retinal environmental health studies primarily utilize animal models, isolated mammalian retinas, animal- or human-derived retinal cells, and retinal organoids, to address both pre- and postnatal exposure. However, as there is limited toxicological information available for specific populations, human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-induced models could be effective tools to supplement such data. In order to obtain more comprehensive and reliable toxicological information, we need more appropriate models, novel evaluation methods, and computational technologies to develop portable equipment. This review mainly focused on current toxicology models with particular emphasis on retinal organoids, and it looks forward to future models, analytical methods, and equipment that can efficiently and accurately evaluate retinal toxicity.

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Adult lead exposure increases blood-retinal permeability: A risk factor for retinal vascular disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Association between blood lead level and blood pressure: An occupational population-based study in Jiangsu province, China

Association between blood lead level and blood pressure: An occupational population-based study in Jiangsu province, China

Exposome and unhealthy aging: environmental drivers from air pollution to occupational exposures

Pollution effects on retinal health: A review on current methodologies and findings

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