2016
DOI: 10.1159/000447084
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Adult Neurogenesis: Lessons from Crayfish and the Elephant in the Room

Abstract: The 1st-generation neural precursors in the crustacean brain are functionally analogous to neural stem cells in mammals. Their slow cycling, migration of their progeny, and differentiation of their descendants into neurons over several weeks are features of the neural precursor lineage in crayfish that also characterize adult neurogenesis in mammals. However, the 1st-generation precursors in crayfish do not self-renew, contrasting with conventional wisdom that proposes the long-term self-renewal of adult neura… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Adult neurogenesis is a highly plastic and highly restricted mechanism within central nervous systems. This process is mainly limited to two structures in invertebrates and vertebrates (olfactory neuropils and mushroom bodies/hemiellipsoid bodies or olfactory bulbs and hippocampus respectively) (Becker, 2017; Beltz & Benton, 2017; Beltz, Brenneis, & Benton, 2016; Cayre et al, 1996; Hansen & Schmidt, 2004; Kempermann, 2012; Schmidt, 1997, 2014; Sullivan et al, 2007, b; Sullivan & Beltz, 2005a). The incorporation of new neurons may be an important component in the functional role of these structures, not only in the sense that it provides more elements to the system but also increases the variety of elements with different functional properties (e.g., excitability, less inhibition, synaptic plasticity; Becker, 2017; Kempermann, 2012).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Adult neurogenesis is a highly plastic and highly restricted mechanism within central nervous systems. This process is mainly limited to two structures in invertebrates and vertebrates (olfactory neuropils and mushroom bodies/hemiellipsoid bodies or olfactory bulbs and hippocampus respectively) (Becker, 2017; Beltz & Benton, 2017; Beltz, Brenneis, & Benton, 2016; Cayre et al, 1996; Hansen & Schmidt, 2004; Kempermann, 2012; Schmidt, 1997, 2014; Sullivan et al, 2007, b; Sullivan & Beltz, 2005a). The incorporation of new neurons may be an important component in the functional role of these structures, not only in the sense that it provides more elements to the system but also increases the variety of elements with different functional properties (e.g., excitability, less inhibition, synaptic plasticity; Becker, 2017; Kempermann, 2012).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These parallels between the life‐long neurogenic mechanisms of two taxa as phylogenetically distant as crayfish and mammals may serve as another illustration of how evolution independently generates similar solutions when faced with similar challenges. Seen from this perspective, the recently discovered novel mode of NP pool replenishment via integration and neural differentiation of hemocytes in the crayfish DPS (Benton et al, ) may well represent a more ubiquitous pathway than originally appreciated and thus inform the future direction of studies on mammalian systems (see Beltz et al, ; Beltz, Brenneis, & Benton, for further discussion).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite these controversial findings concerning the mechanisms driving adult neurogenesis, in most decapod crustaceans studied so far fibrous migratory streams from the neurogenic niche serve as pathways from which these neuronal precursors, mediated by dynein‐binding proteins (Zhang et al, ), travel toward proliferation zones which are associated with soma clusters of the olfactory system. Within these proliferation zones, the neuronal progenitor cells proliferate and give rise to new neurons of the olfactory pathway (reviews Sandeman et al, ; Benton et al, ; Sandeman et al, ; Beltz et al, ). Pulse‐chase experiments with proliferation markers such as BrdU in clawed lobsters, spiny lobsters and crayfish have provided strong evidence that these newly born neurons within the proliferation zones survive and are integrated into the existing circuitry of the central olfactory pathway (Harzsch et al, ; Schmidt, ; Sullivan and Beltz, ; Sullivan et al, ; b; Kim et al, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pulse‐chase experiments with proliferation markers such as BrdU in clawed lobsters, spiny lobsters and crayfish have provided strong evidence that these newly born neurons within the proliferation zones survive and are integrated into the existing circuitry of the central olfactory pathway (Harzsch et al, ; Schmidt, ; Sullivan and Beltz, ; Sullivan et al, ; b; Kim et al, ). The rate of mitosis as well as survival and differentiation of the newly born cells within the crustacean deutocerebrum are modulated, for example, by the neuromodulator serotonin, rearing conditions (“impoverished versus enriched environment”), circadian and seasonal effects, social interactions and locomotory activity (reviews Sandeman et al, ; Benton et al, ; Schmidt, ; Sandeman et al, ; Beltz et al, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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