Adult Stem Cells for Cartilage Regeneration

Ismail, Omar M; Said, Umar N; El-Omar, Omar

doi:10.7759/cureus.32280

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…With the progress of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, MSCs have represented a promising candidate for cartilage repair and regeneration [ 24 ]. Widely studied for their immunomodulatory proprieties and their abilities to self-renew and to differentiate towards several lineages, including chondrocytes, no successful application based on the MSCs approach and the derived secretome has been developed for cartilage regeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implication of Cellular Senescence in Osteoarthritis: A Study on Equine Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Teti

Mazzotti

Gatta

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is described as a chronic degenerative disease characterized by the loss of articular cartilage. Senescence is a natural cellular response to stressors. Beneficial in certain conditions, the accumulation of senescent cells has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many diseases associated with aging. Recently, it has been demonstrated that mesenchymal stem/stromal cells isolated from OA patients contain many senescent cells that inhibit cartilage regeneration. However, the link between cellular senescence in MSCs and OA progression is still debated. In this study, we aim to characterize and compare synovial fluid MSCs (sf-MSCs), isolated from OA joints, with healthy sf-MSCs, investigating the senescence hallmarks and how this state could affect cartilage repair. Sf-MSCs were isolated from tibiotarsal joints of healthy and diseased horses with an established diagnosis of OA with an age ranging from 8 to 14 years. Cells were cultured in vitro and characterized for cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, ROS detection assay, ultrastructure analysis, and the expression of senescent markers. To evaluate the influence of senescence on chondrogenic differentiation, OA sf-MSCs were stimulated in vitro for up to 21 days with chondrogenic factors, and the expression of chondrogenic markers was compared with healthy sf-MSCs. Our findings demonstrated the presence of senescent sf-MSCs in OA joints with impaired chondrogenic differentiation abilities, which could have a potential influence on OA progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implication of Cellular Senescence in Osteoarthritis: A Study on Equine Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Teti

Mazzotti

Gatta

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Progenitor cells that exhibit MSC characteristics that are advantageous for skeletal tissue repair can be acquired from a multitude of connective tissues, including adipose, cartilage, synovium, ligament/tendon, and bone marrow [ 106 ]. BM-MSCs are the most frequently researched progenitor cell type for cartilage repair, either alone or with scaffolds, and they have demonstrated the capacity for stimulating cartilage repair [ 107 , 108 ]. To the best of our knowledge, we only know of one clinical patient study that compared the efficacy of BM-MSCs to other surgical interventions in cartilage repair.…”

Section: Pre-clinical Strategies To Inhibit Chondrocyte Hypertrophy I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressing Chondrocyte Hypertrophy to Build Better Cartilage

et al. 2023

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Current clinical strategies for restoring cartilage defects do not adequately consider taking the necessary steps to prevent the formation of hypertrophic tissue at injury sites. Chondrocyte hypertrophy inevitably causes both macroscopic and microscopic level changes in cartilage, resulting in adverse long-term outcomes following attempted restoration. Repairing/restoring articular cartilage while minimizing the risk of hypertrophic neo tissue formation represents an unmet clinical challenge. Previous investigations have extensively identified and characterized the biological mechanisms that regulate cartilage hypertrophy with preclinical studies now beginning to leverage this knowledge to help build better cartilage. In this comprehensive article, we will provide a summary of these biological mechanisms and systematically review the most cutting-edge strategies for circumventing this pathological hallmark of osteoarthritis.

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Drug Repurposing: Therapeutic Role of Aripiprazole in the Cartilage Defect

Lee,

Yeo,

Choi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Owing to the limited regenerative capacity of articular cartilage, damaged cartilage does not spontaneously heal over time. Various scientific efforts have been made to improve damaged articular cartilage. Nevertheless, no single approach has achieved a promising outcome for the damaged cartilage. Meanwhile, owing to the increasing cost of drug development, drug repositioning has been actively attempted. We aimed to identify the drug that can improve the cartilage defect, using chondrogenesis related microarray data recruited from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public database. Furthermore, we attempted to experiment using cellular and animal models to verify the cartilage regeneration potential for the identified drug. To screen for drugs that promote cartilage restoring, chondrogenesis related microarray data were collected from the GEO public database. The GSE69110, GSE107649, GSE111822, and GSE116173 datasets from the GEO were used to identify cartilage differentiation-related genes. Differentially expressed genes were identified using StringTie, and drug data were extracted from the Drug-Gene Interaction database. The effect of aripiprazole on cartilage was evaluated in aripiprazole-treated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and chondrocyte using qRT-PCR and 3D pellet culture. The cartilage restoring efficacy was verified in vivo by mixing it with a scaffold and introducing it into the artificially damaged cartilage of Sprague-Dawley rats. Next, mRNA was sequenced for mechanistic analysis. As a result, aripiprazole significantly increased the mRNA expression of COL2A1 and SOX9, two cartilage differentiation-related genes, and chondrogenic condensation in vitro. Moreover, it effectively promoted cartilage regeneration in the cartilage defect rat model. Analysis of mRNA sequencing data from chondrocyte treated with aripiprazole, using KEGG and GOBP, indicated that aripiprazole significantly upregulates genes associated with ribosomes and cytoplasmic translation, thus promoting chondrogenesis. In conclusion, we discovered that aripiprazole can effectively improve damaged cartilage, providing a promising approach for cartilage regeneration.

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Adult Stem Cells for Cartilage Regeneration

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Implication of Cellular Senescence in Osteoarthritis: A Study on Equine Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Implication of Cellular Senescence in Osteoarthritis: A Study on Equine Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Suppressing Chondrocyte Hypertrophy to Build Better Cartilage

Drug Repurposing: Therapeutic Role of Aripiprazole in the Cartilage Defect

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