Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) Cells which Express Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) and Infiltrate into the Central Nervous System.

Hashiguchi, Teruto; Tara, Mitsutoshi; Niina, Kiyoshige; Higuchi, Itsuro; Arimura, Kimiyoshi; Osame, Mitsuhiro; Maruyama, Ikuro

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.41.34

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It rarely presented as an isolated event (8.3%) or even as the initial site of involvement (29.2%) in our series. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] In summary, ATLL is a rare mature T-cell lymphoma, especially in nonendemic regions such as the Central-Midwestern region of the United States, and carries an aggressive clinical course. CNS involvement also occurred with relapsed disease and with extensive systemic disease in the majority of cases in this series, whereas primary CNS disease was rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic Features of Adult T-cell Leukemias/Lymphomas at a North American Tertiary Care Medical Center

Hsi¹,

Kreisel²,

Frater³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Published series of ATLLs seen at a United States medical institution are rare. We present the features of 4 ATLLs diagnosed at our North American tertiary care medical center from 1990 to 2012. Despite the absence of a history of origin from an endemic region, all our ATLLs demonstrated evidence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by ATLL was uncommon in our series, and represented only 1.6% (1/64) of all CNS B-cell or T-cell lymphomas diagnosed over a 20+ year period at our institution. Review of the medical literature reveals that the majority of CNS-involved ATLLs present with the lymphoma or acute subtype, and complete remission is difficult to achieve in these cases. CNS involvement frequently occurs with a systemic disease, which carries an aggressive clinical course with poor prognosis. In addition, CNS involvement by ATLL can be the initial presentation or seen with relapsed disease, can be the only site or be associated with other tissue sites of involvement, and may manifest with variable clinical signs/symptoms. Our retrospective study reveals that ATLLs are rare mature T-cell lymphomas in a native North American population, but the clinical and histopathologic features of ATLLs from this nonendemic region are similar to those seen from other endemic regions. Early recognition of these rare ATLLs involving uncommon sites, such as the CNS, will help optimize treatment for these infrequent mature T-cell lymphomas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic Features of Adult T-cell Leukemias/Lymphomas at a North American Tertiary Care Medical Center

Hsi¹,

Kreisel²,

Frater³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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“…Recent studies have shown that this manifestation was in fact a result of biological properties of leukemic cells regardless of the type and immune leukocytes. These properties were being translated by the aberrant expression of adhesion molecules such as CD44 and the integrin family of molecules such as VLA-4 and LFA-1 (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping Evaluation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Correlation to Factors Affecting Clinic Outcome

Alves

Fernandes²,

Freire

et al. 2012

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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The authors conducted a flow cytometry immunophenotyping study in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The patients (n = 126) were newly diagnosed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies: CD1a, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD7, CD8, CD10, CD13, CD33, CD14, CD19, CD22, CD79a, CD117, CD34, anti-IgM, anti-TdT, anti-HLA-Dr, and anti-human kappa and lambda light chains. Additional data, such as patients' age and gender, clinical and laboratory findings such as presence of tumor masses, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, leukemic infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) were also investigated. Results showed that 56.7% of the cases were B-lineage ALL and 55% were T-cell ALL. Also, we found that males were more affected by the disease, regardless of immunological classification. The correlation between age and immunological subtypes showed that the B-lineage ALL occurred more frequently in patients aged under 15 while the T-cell ALL subtype was more frequent in adults. Immunophenotypic profiles and morphological subtypes showed a direct correlation between L3 subtype and B-lineage ALL, while L1 and L2 subtypes correlated more often with B-cell lineage and T-cell ALL, respectively. Correlation analysis between immunophenotypic and clinical profiles showed that T-cell ALL was more associated with a higher incidence of lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and CNS leukemic infiltration, also showing a greater blast cell count in peripheral blood than the other subgroups. The presented data suggest that immunophenotyping is an important method in the diagnosis, monitoring and prognostic assessment in determining the pathological mechanisms of evolution of ALL.

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“…Furthermore, the expression of CD56, a neural celladhesion molecule (NCAM), was elevated in adult ALL samples with CNS involvement (Ravandi et al, 2002;Hu et al, 2017). NCAM was also associated with intracerebral and leptomeningeal infiltration in adult T cell leukemia (ATL) (Hashiguchi et al, 2002). Thus, NCAM was proposed as a marker for CNS infiltration and poor prognosis in ALL, and ATL.…”

Section: Cell Adhesion In Leukemic Cell Colonization Of the Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Reprogramming and Cell Adhesion in Acute Leukemia Adaptation to the CNS Niche

Sharma

Keewan

Matławska-Wasowska

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Involvement of the Central Nervous System (CNS) in acute leukemia confers poor prognosis and lower overall survival. Existing CNS-directed therapies are associated with a significant risk of short- or long-term toxicities. Leukemic cells can metabolically adapt and survive in the microenvironment of the CNS. The supporting role of the CNS microenvironment in leukemia progression and dissemination has not received sufficient attention. Understanding the mechanism by which leukemic cells survive in the nutrient-poor and oxygen-deprived CNS microenvironment will lead to the development of more specific and less toxic therapies. Here, we review the current literature regarding the roles of metabolic reprogramming in leukemic cell adhesion and survival in the CNS.

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Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) Cells which Express Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) and Infiltrate into the Central Nervous System.

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Clinicopathologic Features of Adult T-cell Leukemias/Lymphomas at a North American Tertiary Care Medical Center

Clinicopathologic Features of Adult T-cell Leukemias/Lymphomas at a North American Tertiary Care Medical Center

Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping Evaluation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Correlation to Factors Affecting Clinic Outcome

Metabolic Reprogramming and Cell Adhesion in Acute Leukemia Adaptation to the CNS Niche

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