Advance of age decreases the minimum alveolar concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane for maintaining bispectral index below 50

Abstract

Advance in age significantly decreased the concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane required to maintain BIS below 50. BIS correctly reflected age-associated decrease of end-tidal concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane required for maintaining adequate depth of anaesthesia during resting state.

Patients and surgery-related factors that affect time to recovery of consciousness in adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery

“…9 Furthermore, compared with young people, the concentration required to attain the similar anesthetic depth, either intravenous or inhaled anesthetics, is decreased in elderly patients. 17,18 Similar to other investigators, 6e8 we also found women wakened faster from general anesthesia than men, even in cardiac surgery, which belongs to the more complex procedures. Gan et al discovered that gender appeared to be an independent predictor for recovery time.…”

Sevoflurane Inhalation for Severe Bronchial Obstruction in Infants with Bronchiolitis

“…In the pediatric literature, evidence documenting the effectiveness of sevoflurane inhalation is limited to a single case report describing a 3-month-old boy presenting with post-extubation status asthmaticus (11). This young patient received sevoflurane at anesthetic doses of 2-3% (the minimum alveolar sevoflurane concentration for loss of consciousness is 3.2 +/-0.1% at 1-6 months of age, with no gender differences) (12).…”

Dexmedetomidine decreases requirement of thiopentone sodium and pentazocine followed with improved recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

“…End-inspiratory concentration was adjusted at the predetermined value according to the “up-down” method described by Dixon and Mood. [9] Patients received 1.2% end-inspiratory isoflurane (approximately 1 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]) of isoflurane[10] in the control group and 0.6% end-inspiratory isoflurane (approximately 0.5 MAC) of isoflurane in the dexmedetomidine group. [10] These initial isoflurane concentrations were chosen based on previous studies in which similar dexmedetomidine doses decreased isoflurane requirements for anesthetic maintenance by 25-90%.…”

“…[9] Patients received 1.2% end-inspiratory isoflurane (approximately 1 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]) of isoflurane[10] in the control group and 0.6% end-inspiratory isoflurane (approximately 0.5 MAC) of isoflurane in the dexmedetomidine group. [10] These initial isoflurane concentrations were chosen based on previous studies in which similar dexmedetomidine doses decreased isoflurane requirements for anesthetic maintenance by 25-90%. [1112] The predetermined end inspiratory concentration of isoflurane was maintained for at least 15 min to allow adequate time for alveolar and brain isoflurane partial pressures to equilibrate.…”