Advance of large-area achromatic flat lenses

Fan, Yubin; Yao, Jin; Tsai, Din Ping

doi:10.1038/s41377-023-01093-7

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[ 54 ]. Furthermore, the

obtained for the designed metasurface significantly exceeds that of the cases relying on metal nanostructures [ 40 ] and traditional nonlinear crystals [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical metasurfaces, consisting of two-dimensional nanoscale resonator lattices, embody the core concept of flat optics [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. They present distinct possibilities for functional flat optics by facilitating control over light waves’ transmission, absorption, and reflection [ 6 , 7 ]. Metasurfaces enable significant miniaturization of structural dimensions and unlock novel functionalities previously unattainable [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boosting Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency and Nonlinear Susceptibility via Metasurfaces Featuring Split-Ring Resonators and Bowtie Nanoantennas

Chou Chau

2024

Nanomaterials

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This work investigates a metasurface design to achieve remarkable second harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency and enhance effective nonlinear susceptibility using the finite element method. The elements of the designed structure are composed of a rectangular split-ring resonator Ag film, a bowtie-shaped Ag nanoantenna, and a pair of Bi bars that induce nonlinear optical phenomena due to the nonuniform distribution of the electric and magnetic fields within the device surface. The simulation results agree perfectly with the theory and demonstrate outstanding achievements in terms of SHG conversion efficiency (η) and effective nonlinear susceptibility (χeff(2)). Specifically, the metasurface reaches a peak η value of 4.544×10−8 and an effective nonlinear susceptibility of 3.4×104 pm/V. This work presents a novel and versatile design to achieve high η and χeff(2) in an SHG metasurface.

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“…[ 54 ]. Furthermore, the

obtained for the designed metasurface significantly exceeds that of the cases relying on metal nanostructures [ 40 ] and traditional nonlinear crystals [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency and Nonlinear Susceptibility via Metasurfaces Featuring Split-Ring Resonators and Bowtie Nanoantennas

Chou Chau

2024

Nanomaterials

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“…Mostly, the working frequency of a metalens relies on the resonance of its unit, making it work in a narrow band [ 21 ]. The realization of a large-scale achromatic band with high performance still remains a big challenge [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, these achromatic metalenses are successfully realized by dispersive phase compensation [ 25 ], spatial multiplexing [ 26 ], or multispectral achromatic phase transition [ 27 ]. However, there are still many challenges towards the practical achromatic confocal applications, such as relatively complex structure and relatively low focusing efficiency, especially for the metalens with macro-scale aperture [ 22 ]. Metasurface research has rapidly evolved into a new phase, incorporating a variety of new concepts and exploring new materials for a variety of interdisciplinary applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of the Dual-Band Far-Field Super-Resolution Metalens with Large Aperture

Guo,

Zheng,

Liu

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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The resolving power of metalens telescopes rely on their aperture size. Flat telescopes are advancing with the research on super-resolution confocal metalenses with large aperture. However, the aperture sizes of metalenses are usually bound within hundreds of micrometers due to computational and fabrication challenges, limiting their usage on practical optical devices like telescopes. In this work, we demonstrated a two-step designing method for the design of dual-band far-field super-resolution metalens with aperture sizes from the micro-scale to macro-scale. By utilizing two types of inserted unit cells, the phase profile of a dual-wavelength metalens with a small aperture of 100 μm was constructed. Through numerical simulation, the measured FWHM values of the focal spots of 5.81 μm and 6.81 μm at working wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 1265.6 nm were found to all be slightly smaller than the values of 0.61 λ/NA, demonstrating the super-resolution imaging of the designed metalens. By measuring the optical power ratio of the focal plane and the incident plane, the focusing efficiencies were 76% at 632.8 nm and 64% at 1265.6 nm. Based on the design method for small-aperture metalens, far-field imaging properties through the macro metalens with an aperture of 40 mm were simulated by using the Huygens–Fresnel principle. The simulation results demonstrate confocal far-field imaging behavior at the target wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 1265.6 nm, with a focal length of 200 mm. The design method for dual-band far-field super-resolution metalens with a large aperture opens a door towards the practical applications in the dual-band space telescope system.

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“…The FWHM of the central focal peak can be of deep subwavelength, however, the intensity of the central peak will decrease and that of the side lobes will increase exponentially, restraining the favorable application scenarios of SOLs. A good balance between the FWHM of the central focal spot and the side lobes is reached in the supercritical lenses (SCLs) 23,24 which have a focusing spot between 0.50λ/NA and 0.38λ/NA and a side lobe below 16.2% of the central peak. SOLs and SCLs have been demonstrated in focusing 25−28 and imaging applications 29−32 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical metalens at h-line for high-resolution direct laser writing

Fu,

Jiang,

Wang

et al. 2024

OES

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Supercritical lens (SCL) can break the diffraction limit in the far field and has been demonstrated for high-resolution scanning confocal imaging. Its capability in sharper focusing and needle-like long focal depth should allow high-resolution lithography at violet or ultraviolet (UV) wavelength, however, this has never been experimentally demonstrated. As a proof of concept, in this paper SCLs operating at 405 nm (h-line) wavelength with smaller full-width-at-half-maximum focal spot and longer depth of focus than conventional Fresnel zone lens while maintaining controlled side lobes are designed for direct laser writing (DLW) lithography. Aluminum nitride (AlN) with a high refractive index and low loss in UVvisible range is used to fabricate nanopillar-based metasurfaces structure for the metalens. Grating arrays with improved pitch resolution are fabricated using the SCLs with sub-diffraction-limit focusing capability. The AlN-based metasurface for SCLs at short wavelength for DLW could extend further to UV or deep UV lithography and might be of great interest to both the research and industry applications.

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Advance of large-area achromatic flat lenses

Abstract: A new framework of light coherence optimization is proposed to design non-ideal broadband achromatic lenses, enabling large-scale flat lenses’ implementation and high performance. The strategy paves the way for practical planar optical devices and full-color imaging systems.

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Boosting Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency and Nonlinear Susceptibility via Metasurfaces Featuring Split-Ring Resonators and Bowtie Nanoantennas

Boosting Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency and Nonlinear Susceptibility via Metasurfaces Featuring Split-Ring Resonators and Bowtie Nanoantennas

Design and Analysis of the Dual-Band Far-Field Super-Resolution Metalens with Large Aperture

Supercritical metalens at h-line for high-resolution direct laser writing

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