Advance review on the exploitation of the prominent energy-storage element Lithium. Part II: From sea water and spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs)

Choubey, Pankaj Kumar; Chung, Kyeong Woo; Kim, Min-seuk; Lee, Jae-chun

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2017.04.008

Cited by 230 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…The cells also contain as electrolyte a lithium salt (LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 or LiClO 4 ) in a non‐aqueous solvent, e.g. a mixture of ethylene glycol carbonate, propylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate . The electrolyte role is allowing the movement of lithium ions during the cycling process.…”

Section: A New Challenge For Edr: Lithium Ion Battery Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these processes, the formation of metabolic products such as organic and inorganic acids directly influences the recovery efficiency of metals contained in the waste . Some of the most important companies in the recycling of rechargeable batteries (Umicore, Toxco, Inmeco and Recupyl) develop their own processes based on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical and combined techniques …”

Section: A New Challenge For Edr: Lithium Ion Battery Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a mixture of ethylene glycol carbonate, propylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate. 100,109 The electrolyte role is allowing the movement of lithium ions during the cycling process.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Lib Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…114 Some of the most important companies in the recycling of rechargeable batteries (Umicore, Toxco, Inmeco and Recupyl) develop their own processes based on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical and combined techniques. 15,109,115 Several studies deal with the extraction of metals (mainly Li and Co) from disposed LIBs using different extractant agents such as inorganic acids (H 2 SO 4 , 99,111,116 HCl, 117,118 HNO 3 117,119 or H 3 PO 4 120,121 ) and (as an alternative with lower negative impact on the environment) organic acids 117 (succinic acid, 122 123,128 ). The addition of reductants in acid leaching processes is widely accepted, since Co 3+ in LCO needs to be converted to Co 2+ .…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Lib Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodialytic processes in solid matrices. New insights into battery recycling. A review

Villén-Guzmán

Arhoun

Vereda‐Alonso

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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Electrodialytic remediation has been widely applied to the recovery of different contaminants from numerous solid matrices, solving emerging issues of environmental concern. Results and conclusions reported in studies about real contaminated matrices are summarized in this work. The influence of pH value on the treatment effectiveness has been widely proved, highlighting the phenomenon of ‘water splitting’ in the membrane surface. This dissociation of water molecules is related to the ‘limiting current’ which it is desirable to exceed at the anion exchange membrane in order to produce the entering of protons toward the solid matrix. Other important parameters for the optimization of the technique, such as the current density and the liquid/solid ratio, are also discussed through the revision of studies using real solid matrices. This work also focuses on the pioneer proposal of electrokinetic technologies for the recycling of lithium ion batteries, considering the relevance of waste properties in the design and optimization of the technique. From a thorough literature revision, it could be concluded that further experimental results are needed to allow an optimal application of the technique to the rising problem of residues from batteries. The main aim of this work is to take the first steps in the recovery of valuable metals such as Li and Co from spent batteries, incorporating principles of green chemistry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: A New Challenge For Edr: Lithium Ion Battery Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A New Challenge For Edr: Lithium Ion Battery Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a mixture of ethylene glycol carbonate, propylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate. 100,109 The electrolyte role is allowing the movement of lithium ions during the cycling process.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Lib Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Composition Of Lib Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electrodialytic processes in solid matrices. New insights into battery recycling. A review

Villén-Guzmán

Arhoun

Vereda‐Alonso

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Notably, the metals remain in cathode material are potentially high-value rare metals (other than the rare earth elements) as per their abundance, occurrence in natural resource, and criticality for ensuring the green technology [16,17]. Depending on the type of battery, EoL-LiBs typically contain Co (5-20%), Ni (5-10%), manganese (Mn) (5-15%), and Li (5-7%) [18,19]. Therefore, the recycling of EoL-LiBs not only offers a benefit to the environment but may also provide an economic benefit by recovery of rare metals to meet the rising demand for these resources [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of end-of-life LiNixCoyMnzO2 batteries for rare metals recovery

Sattar

Ilyas

Kousar

et al. 2019

Environmental Engineering Research

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An investigation of rare metals recovery from LiNixCoyMnzO2 cathode material of the end-of-life lithium-ion batteries is presented. To determine the influence of reductant on the leach process, the cathode material (containing Li 7.6%, Co 20.4%, Mn 19.4%, and Ni 19.3%) was leached in H2SO4 solutions either with or without H2O2. The optimal process parameters with respect to acid concentration, addition dosage of H2O2, temperature, and the leaching time were found to be 2.0 M H2SO4, 4 vol.% H2O2, 70°C, and 150 min, respectively. The yield of metal values in the leach liquor was > 99%. The leach liquor was subsequently treated by precipitation techniques to recover nickel as Ni(C4H7N2O2)2 and lithium as Li2CO3 with stoichiometric ratios of 2:1 and 1.2:1 of dimethylglyoxime:Ni and Na2CO3:Li, respectively. Cobalt was recovered by solvent extraction following a 3-stage process using Na-Cyanex 272 at pHeq ~5.0 with an organic-to-aqueous phase ratio (O/A) of 2/3. The loaded organic phase was stripped with 2.0 M H2SO4 at an O/A ratio of 8/1 to yield a solution of 114 g/L CoSO4; finally recovered CoSO4.xH2O by crystallization. The process economics were analyzed and found to be viable with a margin of $476 per ton of the cathode material.

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Lithium Extraction by Emerging Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Membranes

Hou

Zhang

Thornton

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

122

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Lithium is mainly extracted from brine and ores; however, current lithium mining methods require large amounts of chemicals, discharge many wastes, and can have serious environmental repercussions. Metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based membranes have shown great potential in lithium extraction due to their uniform pore sizes, high porosities, and rich host–guest chemistry compared to other materials. In this review, the processes and disadvantages of current lithium extraction technologies are introduced. The structure features and corresponding design strategy of MOFs suitable for Li+ ion separations are presented. Following, recent advances of polycrystalline MOF membranes, mixed matrix membranes, and MOF channel membranes for lithium‐ion separation are discussed in detail. Finally, opportunities for future developments and challenges in this emerging research field are presented.

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Advance review on the exploitation of the prominent energy-storage element Lithium. Part II: From sea water and spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs)

Cited by 230 publications

References 100 publications

Electrodialytic processes in solid matrices. New insights into battery recycling. A review

Electrodialytic processes in solid matrices. New insights into battery recycling. A review

Recycling of end-of-life LiNixCoyMnzO2 batteries for rare metals recovery

Lithium Extraction by Emerging Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Membranes

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