Advanced biomaterials in hip joint arthroplasty. A review on polymer and ceramics composites as alternative bearings

Wear performance of multiwalled carbon nanotube‐reinforced ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene composite

“…The general shape of the curves is identical; nonetheless, the depth and diameter of the indentation varied considerably, displaying the enhancement of mechanical properties, such as ductility and tensile strength, of UHMWPE by the incorporation of a small amount of the nanofiller. [18,19,28] The indention depth for sterilized and unsterilized UHMWPE was 79.6 ± 0.05 μm and 34.7 ± 0.05 μm, respectively, while the nanocomposite exhibited values of and 30.4 ± 0.05 μm and 25.3 ± 0.05 μm. The difference in the depth values of the indentation caused by the static load after 336 hr was in the order of 68%, exhibiting a significant improvement in the creep resistance of the polymer.…”

Editorial: Biotribology and Biotribocorrosion Properties of Implantable Biomaterials

“…Considering the above, to date, in-silico wear prediction models of artificial human implants attract the attentions of researchers to obtain complete tribological theoretical and numerical models useful for the in-silico testing (O'Brien et al, 2015;Mattei et al, 2016;Affatato et al, 2018), which could avoid the standard in-vitro time-consuming investigation procedures (simulators) and could contribute as tool for a more and more accurate tribological design of human prostheses. Obviously, the accurate wear prediction of artificial joints requires to develop detailed tribological models accounting for the complexity and the multiscale of wear phenomenon (Vakis et al, 2018) which requires scientific knowledge in many fields, such as contact mechanics (Popov, 2010), topographic contact surfaces characterization (Merola et al, 2016), new materials formulations (Affatato et al, 2015), stress-strain analysis and FEM/BEM simulations (Ruggiero et al, 2018;Ruggiero and D'Amato R, 2019), musculoskeletal multibody modeling (Zhang et al, 2017), unsteady synovial lubrication modeling (boundary/mixed, hydro-dynamic and EHD) (Ruggiero and Sicilia, 2020), tribo-corrosion (Tan et al, 2016), metal transfer phenomena (Affatato et al, 2017), biomaterials characterizations (Ruggiero et al, 2016), etc. Moreover, innovative biomaterials and manufacturing procedures (e.g., 3D printing), novel surface modification (coatings) constitute new and exciting research areas (Ten Kate et al, 2017).…”

Tackling the Concept of Symbiotic Implantable Medical Devices with Nanobiotechnologies

“…Inert implants are mostly used in orthopedic applications, from dental implants to total hip prosthesis. Currently, Total Hip Arthroplasty is a fairly common operation that has greatly increased over the last 20 years for two main reasons: the growing demand by younger patients and an expanded offer with the arrival on the hip market of new materials such as ceramic, ultra‐reticulated polyethylene, or hydroxyapatite promoting osteointegration. Likewise, synthetic biomaterials such as polypropylene, expanded polyester, or polytetrafluoroethylene have replaced stainless steel cloths and other wire mesh used until the 1950s for parietal prostheses which, besides the discomfort due to their rigidity, had the characteristic to migrate through tissues and cause organ damage.…”