Advanced Composite Materials for Structural Maintenance, Repair, and Control

Aabid, Abdul; Baig, Muneer; Hrairi, Meftah

doi:10.3390/ma16020743

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To prevent an excessive focus on the shape loss and a decrease in the movement of the predicted boxes, a genetic algorithm is employed to calculate the value of θ for each dataset, which is determined to tend toward four. Consequently, the value of θ is restricted to the range [2,6].…”

Section: ) Shape Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As advanced composite materials are widely applied in fields such as aerospace, the automotive industry, and medicine, related automation technologies such as composite laying and winding are also constantly developing and maturing [1][2][3]. Due to the processes of automated tape laying and winding, such as tension control, laying trajectory, initial positioning, and the adhesive properties of the pre-impregnated material, various defects can occur during the automated tape laying and winding process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Defect Detection for Automated Tape Laying and Winding Based on Improved YOLOv5

Wen

Jia-jun³

2023

Materials

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To address the issues of low detection accuracy, slow detection speed, high missed detection rate, and high false detection rate in the detection of surface defects on pre-impregnated composite materials during the automated tape laying and winding process, an improved YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once version 5) algorithm model was proposed to achieve the high-precision, real-time detection of surface defects. By leveraging this improvement, the necessity for frequent manual interventions, inspection interventions, and subsequent rework during the automated lay-up process of composite materials can be significantly reduced. Firstly, to improve the detection accuracy, an attention mechanism called “CA (coordinate attention)” was introduced to enhance the feature extraction ability, and a Separate CA structure was used to improve the detection speed. Secondly, we used an improved loss function “SIoU (SCYLLA-Intersection over Union) loss” to replace the original “CIoU (Complete-Intersection over Union) loss”, which introduced an angle loss as a penalty term to consider the directional factor and improve the stability of the target box regression. Finally, Soft-SIoU-NMS was used to replace the original NMS (non-maximum suppression) of YOLOv5 to improve the detection of overlapping defects. The results showed that the improved model had a good detection performance for surface defects on pre-impregnated composite materials during the automated tape laying and winding process. The FPS (frames per second) increased from 66.7 to 72.1, and the mAP (mean average precision) of the test set increased from 92.6% to 97.2%. These improvements ensured that the detection accuracy, as measured by the mAP, surpassed 95%, while maintaining a detection speed of over 70 FPS, thereby meeting the requirements for real-time online detection.

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Section: ) Shape Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Defect Detection for Automated Tape Laying and Winding Based on Improved YOLOv5

Wen

Jia-jun³

2023

Materials

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“…any structural health monitoring researchers are interested in this topic because there is a rising need for an efficient, affordable, and trustworthy monitoring system to guarantee the functioning and safety of such structures [1][2][3][4]. Due to cyclic stresses and a corrosive operating environment, aircraft are susceptible to fracture over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of damage control of thin plate with piezoelectric actuators using finite element and machine learning approach

Anjum,

Shaikh,

Hriari

2023

Frattura Ed Integrità Strutturale

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In recent studies, piezoelectric actuators have been recognized as a practical and effective material for repairing cracks in thin-walled structures, such as plates that are adhesively bonded with piezoelectric patches due to their electromechanical effects. In this study, we used the finite element method through the ANSYS commercial code to determine the stress intensity factor (SIF) at the crack tip of a cracked plate bonded with a piezoelectric actuator under a plane stress model. By running various simulations, we were able to examine the impact of different aspects that affect this component, such as the size and characteristics of the plate, actuator, and adhesive bond. To optimize performance, we utilized machine learning algorithms to examine how these characteristics affect the repair process. This study represents the first-time machine learning has been used to examine bonded PZT actuators in damaged structures, and we found that it had a significant impact on the current problem. As a result, we were able to determine which of these parameters were most helpful in achieving our goal and which ones should be adjusted to improve the actuator's quality and reduce significant time and costs.

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“…Generally, a composite patch closes the crack area and acts as a shear force on the crack face which shows more influence in reducing the damage propagation and value of SIF [25]. Over the last four decades, several studies have been done on the passive control method which can be seen in the literature provided by Aabid et al [26], [27]. Previous studies show the possibility of active and passive repair and in the recent study, the authors introduce a novel approach called the hybrid (active + passive) method to repair the damaged plate which showed a significant impact on damage control [28], [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of damage repair with piezoelectric actuators using the Taguchi method

Shaikh,

Hriari,

Mohamed Ali

2023

Frattura Ed Integrità Strutturale

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Over the last two decades, piezoelectric actuators have emerged as a promising solution for structural repair. In this work, initially the stress intensity factor (SIF) estimation using the finite element (FE) approach at crack tips in aluminium 2024-T3 plates. Based on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array the FE simulation has been conducted. Later, this study uses the optimization method via the design of experiments to systematically evaluate the effect of various dimensions and material qualities, especially under the conditions of Mode-I crack propagation. It also investigated the complex interaction of factors impacting adhesive bonds, piezoelectric actuators, and aluminium plates, The study not only analyses the parameter relationships but also examines their controls, identifying those best aligned with primary objectives. This sensitivity enhances the piezoelectric actuator's efficacy and quality. The research determines an optimal parameter combination, developing active repair performance and establishing an essential SIF benchmark. This research explores the complex world of piezoelectric actuator-assisted repairs, providing a road map for better structural rehabilitation.

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Advanced Composite Materials for Structural Maintenance, Repair, and Control

Abstract: A newly added Special Issue (SI) of the Materials journal, titled "Advanced Composite Materials for Structural Maintenance, Repair, and Control" focuses on the foundations, characterizations, and applications of several advanced composites [...]

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Surface Defect Detection for Automated Tape Laying and Winding Based on Improved YOLOv5

Surface Defect Detection for Automated Tape Laying and Winding Based on Improved YOLOv5

Analysis of damage control of thin plate with piezoelectric actuators using finite element and machine learning approach

Optimization of damage repair with piezoelectric actuators using the Taguchi method

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