Advanced composites in aerospace engineering

Rana, Sohel; Fangueiro, Raúl

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100037-3.00001-8

Cited by 114 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Composite materials are commonly used today in many engineering and industrial fields and, often, can be considered the first choice for structural load-bearing components [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The scientific community is increasingly interested in robust numerical procedures capable of correctly predicting the mechanical behavior of such innovative materials, especially in terms of damage propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Numerical Methodology for Fatigue Damage Evolution Simulation in Composites

et al. 2021

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Composite materials, like metals, are subject to fatigue effects, representing one of the main causes for component collapse in carbon fiber-reinforced polymers. Indeed, when subject to low stress cyclic loading, carbon fiber-reinforced polymers exhibit gradual degradation of the mechanical properties. The numerical simulation of this phenomenon, which can strongly reduce time and costs to market, can be extremely expensive in terms of computational effort since a very high number of static analyses need to be run to take into account the real damage propagation due the fatigue effects. In this paper, a novel cycle jump strategy, named Smart Cycle strategy, is introduced in the numerical model to avoid the simulation of every single cycle and save computational resources. This cycle jump strategy can be seen as an enhancement of the empirical model proposed by Shokrieh and Lessard for the evaluation of the fatigue-induced strength and stiffness degradation. Indeed, the Smart Cycle allows quickly obtaining a preliminary assessment of the fatigue behavior of composite structures. It is based on the hypothesis that the stress redistribution, due to the fatigue-induced gradual degradation of the material properties, can be neglected until sudden fiber and/or matrix damage is verified at element/lamina level. The numerical procedure has been implemented in the commercial finite element code ANSYS MECHANICAL, by means of Ansys Parametric Design Languages (APDL). Briefly, the Smart Cycle routine is able to predict cycles where fatigue failure criteria are likely to be satisfied and to limit the numerical simulation to these cycles where a consistent damage propagation in terms of fiber and matrix breakage is expected. The proposed numerical strategy was preliminarily validated, in the frame of this research study, on 30° fiber-oriented unidirectional coupons subjected to tensile–tensile fatigue loading conditions. The numerical results were compared with literature experimental data in terms of number of cycles at failure for different percentage of the static strength. Lastly, in order to assess its potential in terms of computational time saving on more complex structures and different loading conditions, the proposed numerical approach was used to investigate the fatigue behavior of a cross-ply open-hole composite panel under tension–tension fatigue loading conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Numerical Methodology for Fatigue Damage Evolution Simulation in Composites

et al. 2021

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“…Plastics have been used in structural applications for a long time. Even the demanding requirements of the aerospace and the automotive industries can be satisfied with them 1–8 . The required large stiffness and strength is usually achieved by fiber reinforcement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact modification of fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers

Várdai

Lummerstorfer

Pretschuh

et al. 2021

Polymer International

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Polypropylene (PP) hybrid composites were prepared by the combination of traditional reinforcements (wood, glass, carbon) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers. Interfacial adhesion was improved by the use of maleated PP (MAPP). The composites contained 20 wt% of the traditional reinforcement and the amount of PET fiber changed from 0 to 40 wt% in them. Tensile and impact testing were complemented by acoustic emission testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to follow deformation and failure processes. The results obtained proved that the impact strength of hybrid PP composites can be improved in the presence of all stiff fibers and not only wood as shown earlier. Approximately the same impact resistance can be achieved in all composites, which depends on the amount of PET fiber used; an impact strength as large as 15 kJ m−2 can be obtained with the approach. The large impact resistance is the result of the local deformation processes initiated by the polymeric fiber. Irrespectively of the strength of interfacial adhesion, the main local process is the debonding and/or pullout of the PET fibers, which facilitates also the plastic deformation of the matrix polymer. Other properties depend on the type of the reinforcement and on interfacial adhesion. The application of carbon fibers results in composites with large stiffness, while at good adhesion the strength of glass fiber reinforced composites is the largest. The proper selection of components, composition and interfacial adhesion allows the adjustment of overall composite properties in a relatively wide range. © 2021 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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“…The steadily increasing requirement for the specific weight of samples designed for automotive, aircraft and space engineering is one of the main reasons to replace metal parts with various composites (carbon-carbon, carbon fiber and fiberglass, woven, knitted, stitched, etc.) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. However, the extensive application of composite parts for critical nodes subjected to constant loads requires continuous monitoring of their performance and fracture (without ceasing the operation of the structure during the repairs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Extracting Damage Induced AE Signals from Different Type Noise-Like Backgrounds for Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Polymers

2021

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This paper presents an algorithm for isolating a useful acoustic signal (corresponding to damage accumulation) against the background of a signal used to model the performance of an industrial rotary equipment. Acoustic emission signals induced by deformation and fracture were studied using a uniaxial tensile test on woven laminate samples cut along the fiber and weft directions. The background signal is a random composition of acoustic pulses used to model the performance of an industrial rotary equipment. A comparison of useful and noise signals enables us to develop two algorithms based on frequency filtering of a signal and its decomposition into empirical modes. These algorithms can be used to isolate useful AE pulses against the background of all signal intensities under consideration.

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Advanced composites in aerospace engineering

Cited by 114 publications

References 14 publications

A Robust Numerical Methodology for Fatigue Damage Evolution Simulation in Composites

A Robust Numerical Methodology for Fatigue Damage Evolution Simulation in Composites

Impact modification of fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers

Strategies for Extracting Damage Induced AE Signals from Different Type Noise-Like Backgrounds for Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Polymers

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