Advanced control and management functionalities for multi‐microgrids

Abstract

SUMMARYThis paper addresses the extension of the microgrid concept, following a massive integration of these active cells in power distribution networks, by adopting a coordinated management strategy together with distributed generation units directly connected to the medium voltage distribution network. In order to achieve this, a technical and commercial management scheme must be developed for coordinated control of a distribution system with multi-microgrids, which should take into account the specific technical capabilities and characteristics of each type of generating source. In particular, tools for coordinated voltage support and frequency control, as well as for state estimation have been developed for this type of network. Concerning voltage support, a new methodology exploiting an optimization tool based on a metaheuristic approach was developed. For state estimation, two approaches were considered: multi-microgrid state estimation and fuzzy state estimation. Regarding frequency control, the hierarchical structure of the multi-microgrid is exploited to deal with the transition to islanded operation and load following in islanded operation. All these tools have proved to be efficient in managing the multi-microgrid system in normal interconnected mode and, in case of the frequency control, in islanded operation.

State of the Art in Research on Microgrids: A Review

“…The control of this system is done by a central autonomous management controller, which serves as an interface to the distribution management system. In [351], a hierarchical and decentralized scheme is proposed for coordinated voltage support and frequency control, as well as for state estimation of microgrid clusters. Fuzzy state estimation and microgrid cluster state estimation are further proposed in [350] and [352].…”

Towards a sustainable distributed energy system in China: decision-making for strategies and policy implications

“…From the generation and storage perspective, new research is focussed on stability [13] and higher performances such as frequency [14]. Control and functionality research pay more attention to the control requirements and strategies to balance the demand and production and to optimize the profits [15][16][17][18][19]. In addition, DES technology is mainly applied in institutions [20,21], residential neighbourhoods [22,23], military energy support [24,25] and rural energy support [26][27][28].…”

The research on coordinated operation and cluster management for multi-microgrids

“…In this opinion, it is urging to study the management methods and cooperation modes of mult i-microgrid system. The operation management and control issues and economic, environmental, and operational effects are researched by [6][7][8][9] and [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] respectively.…”

“…[6] describes the general architecture and the energy management system (EMS) of a microgrid based on mu lti-agent system (MAS) technologies to provide control of DG and load management; [7] describes the estimation and adjustment for the operation of the system and control of the voltage /frequency; [8] describes the MMGs cluster assessment and its measurement; [9] studies the optimal coordinated operation control based on particle swarm optimization algorith m and gain scheduling method. Also some papers analyzes the impact due to penetration [10], the ma rket bid [11], power quality and supply reliab ility modeling and evaluation [12] , mu lti-objective optimization operation model [13] , the greenhouse effect [22] , the market mechanism [23] and service restoration for black start [24] respectively.…”