Advanced Diagnostics With Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in the Healthcare Sector

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are software (and possibly also hardware) systems designed by humans that, given a complex goal, act in the physical or digital dimension by perceiving their environment through data acquisition, interpreting the collected structured or unstructured data, reasoning on the knowledge, or processing the information, derived from this data, and deciding the best action(s) to take to achieve the given goal. Artificial intelligence for health includes machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), speech recognition (text-to-speech and speech-to-text), image recognition and machine vision, expert systems (a computer system that emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert), robotics, and systems for planning, scheduling, and optimization. ML is a core component of AI that allows systems to automatically learn and improve without being explicitly programmed. Computer programs access data and use it with the aim of learning without human intervention or assistance and adjust actions accordingly.