Advanced Fault Ride-Through Strategy by an MMC HVDC Transmission for Off-Shore Wind Farm Interconnection

Lee, Jung-Hun; Yoo, Yeuntae; Yoon, Michung; Jang, Gilsoo

doi:10.3390/app9122522

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…DC voltage regulation during the fault is not the only concern in an MMC-based HVDC system. Unlike two-level voltage source converter, an MMC requires an additional control action for internal energy balancing to assure stability of HVDC system [18], [19]. In particular, the capacitor voltages of the upper and lower arms may become unbalance during asymmetrical faults, which leads to internal energy imbalance of the MMC [20], [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AC Fault Ride Through in MMC-Based HVDC Systems

Tavakoli

Prieto‐Araujo

Gomis‐Bellmunt

2022

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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VSC-HVDC systems are being increasingly employed in the power systems. The recently installed HVDC systems have a power capacity similar to traditional power plants. Hence, they are expected to have a similar behaviour as traditional synchronous generators during faults in AC grid, within their limits of course. Recent grid codes require HVDC converter stations to incorporate fault ride-through (FRT) capabilities in order to avoid HVDC converter station disconnection from AC grid for certain fault characteristics. In this paper, two FRT mechanisms are suggested for the two converter stations of an HVDC system. One FRT mechanism is added to the DC voltage control loop of the master converter station, while the other FRT mechanism is added to the active power control loop of the slave converter station. The objective is to ensure the stable operation of the HVDC system during faults that may occur in AC grids located on both sides of the HVDC system. The performance and stability of the suggested FRT mechanisms are tested considering the pre-fault power flow direction and all possible types of balanced and unbalanced faults. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the FRT mechanisms and revealed the critical modes during FRT operation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AC Fault Ride Through in MMC-Based HVDC Systems

Tavakoli

Prieto‐Araujo

Gomis‐Bellmunt

2022

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…Similarly, a converter that emulates a synchronous generator was proposed in [9]. Moreover, the internal submodule energy of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) arm was utilized in [10][11][12]. The research was extended to a multi-terminal scheme [13] and an energy storage medium [14] (supercapacitors).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Approach for Fast Frequency Response Control of VSC HVDC

et al. 2021

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The importance of the auxiliary control of power electronic devices such as HVDC and FACTs is growing owing to the increase in the generation capacity of renewable energy sources. This paper presents a temporary frequency support strategy using the electrostatic energy in voltage-sourced convertertype high-voltage direct current systems. An analytical derivation for selecting the optimal droop constant to improve the frequency nadir was established. The optimal droop constant was derived via system frequency response analysis by using the support termination time. Furthermore, the optimality of the support was computed using numerical equations. Modified outer control loops were implemented in the master controller to utilize the proposed method in voltage-sourced converter control. The effect of the fast frequency support control strategy was verified via a time-domain electromagnetic transient program simulation based on case studies. To examine the practical applicability of the proposed strategy, the parameter robustness was investigated by performing deviated system parameter simulations. The results validated the proposed strategy.INDEX TERMS Droop constant, fast frequency support control (FFSC), frequency nadir, primary frequency response, system frequency response, VSC HVDC.

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“…However, the wind curtailment of Northwest China in 2019 was 9.3%, which was five percentage points higher than the national average. With the development of power electronics technology, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology is one of the most effective ways to reduce the wind curtailment [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Voltage Ride through Strategy of Wind Farm Considering Generator Terminal Voltage Distribution

et al. 2021

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When wind power is transmitted via high-voltage direct current (HVDC), the problem of high-voltage ride-through (HVRT), caused by direct-current (DC) blocking must be seriously taken into account. All the wind turbines in a wind farm are usually equivalent to a single turbine in the existing research on HVRT, which ignores the generator terminal voltage distribution in a wind farm. In view of the fact that the severity of fault voltage felt by each wind turbine in the field is different, an improved HVRT strategy considering voltage distribution is proposed in this article. First, this article analyzes the mechanism of voltage swell failure caused by DC blocking, and the characteristics of the generator terminal voltage distribution in wind farms. Second, the reactive power characteristic equations of the synchronous condenser and the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) are derived. Third, based on the extraction of the key node voltage, this article takes the key node voltage as the compensation target, and put forwards a HVRT strategy combining the synchronous condenser and wind turbine. Finally, the simulation is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in improving the HVRT capability of all wind turbines.

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Advanced Fault Ride-Through Strategy by an MMC HVDC Transmission for Off-Shore Wind Farm Interconnection

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

AC Fault Ride Through in MMC-Based HVDC Systems

AC Fault Ride Through in MMC-Based HVDC Systems

Analytical Approach for Fast Frequency Response Control of VSC HVDC

High Voltage Ride through Strategy of Wind Farm Considering Generator Terminal Voltage Distribution

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