Advanced glycosylation end products in skin, serum, saliva and urine and its association with complications of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

The AGEs measurement in skin, serum and saliva are useful to evaluate diabetes complications. AGEs in skin are associated with years since diagnosis of diabetes. Correction for renal function might discriminate AGEs in situ formation from accumulation.

Diagnosis and Monitoring of Gingivitis in vivo Using Non-Invasive Technology - Infrared Spectroscopy

“…Obviously, therefore, the contribution of AGEs and ALE's (advanced lipoxidation end products) to diabetic spectra may be large. This is consistent with previous reports that found that stimulated or unstimulated salivary glucose concentrations are higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects (Garay-Sevilla et al, 2005;Sola-Penna, 2008). These findings are also in keeping with numerous studies that have shown increased salivary AGE content in the development of diabetes complications (Bilous, 2007).…”

Involvement of advanced glycation end products in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications: the protective role of regular physical activity

“…Nowadays, it is known that they are multibinding receptors, belonging to the super-family of immunoglobulins, which are able to interact with distinct molecules implicated in homeostasis, in inflammatory reactions, and in the development of certain pathologies such as diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease [90]. In diabetic patients, the increased expression of these receptors has been attributed to a wide range of tissues and cells, namely the epithelium, the endothelium, smooth vascular muscle, mononuclear inflammatory cells, the glomerulus and the skin [65]; additionally, AGEs have also been identified in organic fluids of DM2 patients, such as serum and saliva, as well as in skin, confirming an increase in the progression of related complications [53].…”

Advanced Glycation End Products

“…26 Blockade of RAGE by sRAGE in mice with diabetes reduces atherosclerotic lesion area, supporting the notion that RAGE is a crucial part of the development and acceleration of atherosclerosis and that sRAGE is an effective intervention. 113,114,116 Pyridoxamine, the natural form of vitamin B 6 , is effective at inhibiting AGEs at 3 different levels. [117][118][119][120] Pyridoxamine prevents the degradation of protein-Amadori intermediates to protein-AGE products.…”