Advanced Green Petroleum Coke Calcination in an Electrothermal Fluidized Bed Reactor

Kozlov, Aleksandr; Chudnovsky, Yaroslav; Khinkis, M.J.; Yuan, Huajun; Zak, M. S.

doi:10.1002/9781118889664.ch6

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The processes of resistive heating in a fluidized bed are very complex in nature. Analysis of literature references [17,18,22,25], as well as our own experimental results suggest that the Joule heat is generated inside a reactor by at least two mechanisms. The first is due to multiple particle-to-particle collisions which induce electrical contact and in turn lead to resistive heating of graphite.…”

Section: The Mechanisms Of Electrical Energy Transfer In a Dynamic Flmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…One of the most efficient technologies for refining graphite and carbon is a continuous processing of graphitic raw material in electro-thermal fluidized bed furnaces [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. A typical reactor is shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Precise control of degree of its graphitization [14,26]; iv. Ability to operate on recycled sources of energy [25];…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies were performed into the hydraulic and thermal regimes of continuous electro-thermal fluidized bed reactors by these and other authors [18,21,22,23,24,25,27,28,38]. Based on the vast experimental data collected in the course of testing of various fluidized bed furnaces, a number of useful numerical models have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrahigh-Temperature Continuous Reactors Based on Electrothermal Fluidized Bed Concept

Fedorov

Rohatgi

Barsukov

et al. 2015

Journal of Fluids Engineering

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Authors introduce an ultrahigh-temperature (i.e., 2500–3000 °C) continuous fluidized bed furnace, in which the key operating variable is specific electrical resistance of the bed. A correlation has been established to predict the specific electrical resistance for the natural graphite-based precursors. Fluid dynamics models have been validated with the data from a fully functional prototype reactor. Data collected demonstrated that the difference between the calculated and measured values of specific resistance is approximately 25%; due to chaotic nature of electrothermal fluidized bed processes, this discrepancy was deemed acceptable. Optimizations proposed allow producing natural graphite-based end product with the purity level of 99.98 + wt. %C for battery markets.

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Section: The Mechanisms Of Electrical Energy Transfer In a Dynamic Flmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Precise control of degree of its graphitization [14,26]; iv. Ability to operate on recycled sources of energy [25];…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ultrahigh-Temperature Continuous Reactors Based on Electrothermal Fluidized Bed Concept

Fedorov

Rohatgi

Barsukov

et al. 2015

Journal of Fluids Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One of the most efficient technologies for refining graphite and carbon is a continuous processing of graphitic raw material in electrothermal fluidized bed furnaces [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . A typical reactor is shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Operation Regimes in Ultra-High Temperature Continuous Reactors

Fedorov

Gubynskyi

Barsukov

et al. 2014

Volume 1C, Symposia: Fundamental Issues and Perspectives in Fluid Mechanics; Industrial and Environmental Applications of Fluid

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The main advantage of carbon material treatment in electro-thermal furnaces with fluidized bed [EFFB] at 2000–3000C is that they allow producing graphite of high chemical purity, which is especially important in manufacture of ion-lithium batteries. The team conducted extensive research into hydraulic and heat modes of such units and developed a methodology for their design based on the concept of increase in electric resistance with fluidization. The choice of the working space configuration and the operation mode of EFFB are largely determined by the specific electrical resistance [SER] of the fluidized bed. This parameter is a complex function of a number of factors: fluidization character, uniformity of the bed and the temperature, nature and size of the material fractions, current density and furnace atmosphere composition. It is vital to take into account relationships between SER, working temperature T and current density i, which eventually define electrothermal mode of the unit operation. Thus, if graphite size is d = 130μm within temperature range T = 0–2500C and current density i = 0,004–1.0 A/cm2, SER varies in reverse proportion to these parameters Statistic processing of the experimental data allowed to obtain regressive function SER = f (i, t), which we used as the basis of mathematic modeling, heat balance calculation and predicting transitory and operation modes of EFFB with 10kg/hour productivity: SER=0.01.84.711-2.,593*10-2.T-46.854*i+1.205*10-2.T*i,Ω-m′ Resulting volt-ampere characteristics (VACs) of the furnace have maximum values at constant temperature (T = const) which is explained by the non-linear character of the SER function. There exists a technological temperature limit of EFFB responsible for its stable operation. The furnace operation beyond the stability margin depends on the power source characteristics which may cause a sharp power drop or a shorting. The VAC characteristics are determined by the type of material, geometry of the furnace working space, electrode diameter, active zone height, the gap between the electrode and the lining, design of heat insulation and the cooling system. Taking these parameters into consideration, it is possible to conduct a preliminary analysis of the unit stable operation modes as early as during the design stage.

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Advanced Green Petroleum Coke Calcination in an Electrothermal Fluidized Bed Reactor

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Ultrahigh-Temperature Continuous Reactors Based on Electrothermal Fluidized Bed Concept

Ultrahigh-Temperature Continuous Reactors Based on Electrothermal Fluidized Bed Concept

Modeling the Operation Regimes in Ultra-High Temperature Continuous Reactors

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