Advanced Light Source Technologies for Photodynamic Therapy of Skin Cancer Lesions

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an increasingly popular dermatological treatment not only used for life-threatening skin conditions and other tumors but also for cosmetic purposes. PDT has negligible effects on underlying functional structures, enabling tissue regeneration feasibility. PDT uses a photosensitizer (PS) and visible light to create cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, which can damage cellular organelles and trigger cell death. The foundations of modern photodynamic therapy began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and in recent times, it has gained more attention due to the development of new sources and PSs. This review focuses on the latest advancements in light technology for PDT in treating skin cancer lesions. It discusses recent research and developments in light-emitting technologies, their potential benefits and drawbacks, and their implications for clinical practice. Finally, this review summarizes key findings and discusses their implications for the use of PDT in skin cancer treatment, highlighting the limitations of current approaches and providing insights into future research directions to improve both the efficacy and safety of PDT. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of PDT for skin cancer treatment, covering various aspects ranging from the underlying mechanisms to the latest technological advancements in the field.

Photodynamic therapy of cervical cancer: a scoping review on the efficacy of various molecules

“…Toxicity: Mitigating toxicity by using lower dye and light doses, as well as optimizing drug delivery methods to minimize off-target effects. 96 …”

Photodynamic Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases

“…PDT is a new, promising therapeutic method for atherosclerosis [ 20 ]. Its use requires three ingredients: photosensitizers (PS), light with the appropriate wavelength to activate PS and tissue oxygen [ 21 ]. The photosensitizer specifically accumulates in the cell and can enter various cellular organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and plasma membranes [ 22 ].…”

Photosensitizing Herbs as Potential Therapeutics: A Prospective Insights into their Mechanisms for the Development of Novel Drug Leads in War with Cancer and Other Human Diseases

“…However, it has some restrictions such as (i) its cutaneous tissue retention time for 4-10 weeks after uptake that leads to long-term skin photosensitivity, (ii) patients need to stay for a considerable length of time to avoid light, (iii) its insufficient low wavelength activation compromises tissue penetration, and finally, (iv) its badly defined molecular formula. Hence, the above limitations and drawbacks have encouraged the quest for new and novel sensitizers with ideal characteristic features suited to be adopted in the clinic for better outcomes [46], [48], [49].…”