Bio-inspired swarm robotics in medical surgery involves taking inspiration from the collective behaviors and coordination strategies observed in natural swarms, such as ants, bees, fish schools, and bird flocks, and applying these principles to develop robotic systems for medical procedures. This innovative approach holds the potential to revolutionize various aspects of medical surgery. In swarm robotics, individual robots work together to accomplish tasks that are beyond the capabilities of a single robot. Similarly, in surgery, a group of small robots could collaborate to perform complex tasks like tissue manipulation, suturing, or assisting in delicate procedures. This chapter aims to offer a synopsis of the current state of swarm robotics technology in analysis, research potentials, and applications in the modern medical field.