Advanced Organic Chemistry

Abstract

All rights reservedNo part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher v VI PREFACE TO PART A whose work fell into this category, we extend our apologies and request their understanding of our attempts to produce a working text, rather than to review the historical development of various concepts and techniques.This volume is a companion to Part B, Reactions and Synthesis. Part B emphasizes the synthetically important organic reactions. It adds some further mechanistic information, but is aimed primarily at introducing to students the available repertoire of organic reactions and providing an opportunity to develop a background in synthetic methodology.We believe that Parts A and B used sequentially as texts in a one-year advanced course will prepare the student to turn to the extensive review and monograph literature and to the primary journals with a thorough exposure to both the mechanistic and synthetic areas of organic chemistry.

Electrochemical Oxidation of Chlorinated Phenols

“…Nevertheless, the rate of oxidation at the PbO2 anodes decreased with increasing chlorination of the substrate ( Table 2). Direct electron transfer from the substrate to the anode is unlikely to be relevant to electrolyses at DSAs, which function by generating electrophilic hydroxyl radicals at their surfaces (2,18). Two mechanisms for oxidation at DSAs have been advanced, both of which postulate electrochemical oxidation of the surface metal oxide to a higher oxidation state [MOx+1].…”

Degradation of the fungicide carbendazim in aqueous solutions with UV/TiO2 process: Optimization, kinetics and toxicity studies

“…The free-radical reactions are not selective; however, rearrangement of radical intermediates does occur and produces structural fragments. The important fragment in these reactions is aryl radical group which can be decomposed after radicalizing [21]. The nearly perfect disappearance of the band at 282 nm therefore reveals that the aryl group of carbendazim is eliminated in the presence of TiO 2 suspension.…”

The copper(I) iodide accelerated synthesis of mono- and bisbenzyl substituted 1- and 2-aminoanthraquinones

“…1). It has been debated that the benzylation of neutral amines by benzyl halides is complicated from a synthetic point of view because of the possibility of multiple benzylation which can proceed to give the quaternary ammonium salt in the presence of excess benzyl halide [12], however, it is not true for aminoanthraquinones. The nucleophilicity of aminoanthraquinones is too weak owing to the two electron-attracting groups (carbonyl) attached to the amino substituted aromatic rings.…”