Advanced structural and multi‐functional sandwich composites with prismatic and foam cores: A review

Abstract

Advanced sandwich structures have emerged as new multifunctional structures with low density and good mechanical performance. Sandwich composites have high strength to weight and high stiffness to weight ratio. Good thermal and sound insulation can be provided using sandwich composite materials. Sandwich composites have high energy absorbing capacity. Multifunctional sandwich composites exhibit mechanical performance and other functional properties such as energy storage, electrical conductivity, etc. Further, the core can be used for routing wires, foam filling, fluid storage, embedding bars, etc. Thus, the multifunctionality can be introduced to the resuting composite materials. This article reviews current research on innovative sandwich structures with integrally woven corrugated core, honeycomb, foam, and 3D printed core architectures, emphasizing their multifunctionality. Aspects of sandwich structure with types of face and core structure design, material design, mechanical properties, and panel performance and damage, including multifunctional benefits, are reviewed. Examples of engineering and modern uses of sandwich structures are presented, covering hypersonic vehicles, civil and marine engineering, electronics, and biological fields. A list of areas for future study initiatives is also included. This review will serve as a baseline for future studies to do more research in the same direction.Highlights A detailed review of various types of core materials and sandwich structures is presented. Sandwich structures have high energy absorbing capacity. 3D woven sandwich structures, their manufacturing and failure mechanics is discussed. Modern applications of sandwich structures are detailed.

The effect of flame treatment on the compressive strength of composite sandwich panels made of pure epoxy resin H‐shaped structures and hollow glass bead/epoxy resin composite material

“…Upon compression, HGB/EP will display malleable behavior, 22 while the low interfacial strength may result in premature failure and delamination of the sandwiched panel during compression. 25,26 In the realm of surface bonding properties of bonding materials, flame treatment has emerged as a promising surface treatment method in industrial applications due to its attributes of automation, cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and rapidity, 27,28 yielding satisfactory outcomes. [29][30][31][32][33] Consequently, the application of flame treatment to the pure EP H-shaped structure is incorporated in this study to augment its bonding strength with HGB/EP.…”

“…To address the aforementioned challenges, this study proposes the implementation of a sandwiched structure depicted in Figure 1(B), consisting of a pure EP H‐shaped structural component as the rigid skeleton and an HGB/EP as the lightweight filling component. Upon compression, HGB/EP will display malleable behavior, 22 while the low interfacial strength may result in premature failure and delamination of the sandwiched panel during compression 25,26 . In the realm of surface bonding properties of bonding materials, flame treatment has emerged as a promising surface treatment method in industrial applications due to its attributes of automation, cost‐effectiveness, simplicity, and rapidity, 27,28 yielding satisfactory outcomes 29–33 .…”

Low‐velocity impact response of 3D carbon fiber reinforced polymer auxetic lattice structures

“…These properties made them highly appealing for use in protective devices for military and sports applications. 13,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Many studies have focused on the continued development of 2D or 3D auxetic lattice structures with the aim of enhancing both the structural loading capacity and the energy absorption. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Among those studies, the novel concept of a hybrid auxetic structure, which combines features from multiple unit cells to modify mechanical properties, has drawn growing interest recently.…”