Advanced synthesis of MXene-derived nanoflower-shaped TiO2@Ti3C2 heterojunction to enhance photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B

A simple preparation method of in situ oxidized titanium carbide MXene for photocatalytic degradation of catechol

“…According to previous reports, a Schottky barrier is easily formed between the Ti 3 C 2 layer and TiO 2 nanoparticles, and the Schottky barrier acts as electron receiver for fast charge transfer, 56–58 which facilitates a great improvement in the photocatalytic efficiency. Electrons (e − ) and holes (h + ) are generated when Ti 3 C 2 –TiO 2 composites are stimulated by sunlight, and the electrons can be easily transferred from the conduction band (CB) of TiO 2 nanoparticles to the surface of the Ti 3 C 2 layers, 20,59 and reacted with water or adsorbed O 2 molecules to produce ˙O 2 − radicals. 60 At the same time, numerous photoinduced holes on the TiO 2 surface can oxidize H 2 O to produce ˙OH radicals 61 due to the valence band (VB) of TiO 2 being lower than the redox potential of OH − /˙OH and H 2 O/˙OH.…”

“…Among these, semiconductor-based photocatalysis is considered to be one of the most promising techniques in the sewage treatment field due to its attractive advantages of innocuity, low energy consumption, robust oxidizability, and no secondary pollution. 18–20…”

“…However, most of the oxidation methods used by many researchers require a multi-step reaction, calcination at high temperature, a long time for hydrothermal reaction, or treatment with strong acid. 20,42,46,47 Obviously, both methods are often time- and energy-consuming, and more importantly, are very harmful to the environment. Therefore, the development of a simple, green, and mild preparation method is necessary and essential.…”

Cleaning the environment with MXenes

“…The MB removal efficiency by Ti 3 C 2 T x can be enhanced by pronounced heterojunction. A nanocomposite based on Ti 3 C 2 T x and rutile TiO 2 octahedrons doped with Ti 3+ exposed (111) facets boosted photocatalytic efficiency toward rhodamine B (RhB) dye compared to native Ti 3 C 2 T x and commercial TiO 2 41 (see Figure 3). Charge kinetics were tuned by interfacial interactions TiO 2 and -OH terminated Ti 3 C 2 T x supporting trapping of holes effect of 2D Ti 3 C 2 .…”

Three-Dimensional MXene-Based Functional Materials for Water Treatment: Preparation, Functional Tailoring, and Applications

“…Thus, the interfacial heterojunction formed at the atomic scale between the in situ generated TiO 2 and Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets helps to decrease the defect-induced complexation of photoexcited charge carriers. This material is capable of decomposing the organic dyes methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB), under light conditions, the drug carbamazepine (CBZ), , and other contaminants.…”