Advanced Thermal Treatment of Wastes for Fuels, Chemicals and Materials Recovery

Chunfei, Wu; Williams, Paul T.

doi:10.1039/9781849737883-00001

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…There are several waste plastics pyrolysis technologies that have been developed to large scale [4,[14][15][16][17][18]. Indeed, several companies have developed commercial scale waste plastic pyrolysis plants with batch, semi-batch and continuous operation and ranging in through-put from 1 to 10 tonnes per day batch reactors to 5-30 tonnes per day continuous reactors [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen and Carbon Nanotubes from Pyrolysis-Catalysis of Waste Plastics: A Review

Williams

2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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More than 27 million tonnes of waste plastics are generated in Europe each year representing a considerable potential resource. There has been extensive research into the production of liquid fuels and aromatic chemicals from pyrolysis-catalysis of waste plastics. However, there is less work on the production of hydrogen from waste plastics via pyrolysis coupled with catalytic steam reforming. In this paper, the different reactor designs used for hydrogen production from waste plastics are considered and the influence of different catalysts and process parameters on the yield of hydrogen from different types of waste plastics are reviewed. Waste plastics have also been investigated as a source of hydrocarbons for the generation of carbon nanotubes via the chemical vapour deposition route. The influences on the yield and quality of carbon nanotubes derived from waste plastics are reviewed in relation to the reactor designs used for production, catalyst type used for carbon nanotube growth and the influence of operational parameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen and Carbon Nanotubes from Pyrolysis-Catalysis of Waste Plastics: A Review

Williams

2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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183

108

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“…7 Larger scale ∼1 tonne per day batch reactors have been developed to process mixed plastic waste produced from municipal solid waste to produce fuel oils. 9 Pilot scale fluidized bed reactors have been employed for the pyrolysis of plastic waste with throughputs of ∼30 kg hr −1 and temperatures typically between 500 and 780 °C. 8 Commercial scale pyrolysis of waste plastics produced from municipal solid waste has been developed with throughputs of ∼14,000 tonnes per annum using rotary kiln technology as the main reactor to produce heavy oil, a medium oil, and light oil fractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Commercial scale pyrolysis of waste plastics produced from municipal solid waste has been developed with throughputs of ~ 14,000 tonnes per annum using rotary kiln technology as the main reactor to produce heavy oil, a medium oil and a light oil fractions. 10 To improve the quality of the product oil, catalysts have been added to the process. [11][12][13] Recent reviews of the use of catalysts in the thermal treatment of waste plastics have been undertaken by Serrano et al, 13 and Aguado et al 14 which highlight Zeolites as effective catalysts for upgrading the quality of the product pyrolysis oil derived from waste plastics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Degradation of Real-World Waste Plastics and Simulated Mixed Plastics in a Two-Stage Pyrolysis–Catalysis Reactor for Fuel Production

2015

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Real-world post-consumer mixed plastics and a simulated mixture of plastics were processed in a two-stage pyrolysis-catalysis fixed bed reactor in the presence of a Zeolite HZSM-5 catalyst.In addition, single plastic polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate were also processed in the two-stage reactor. The product yield, composition and hydrocarbon distribution of the product oil was obtained in relation to plastic type. Non-catalytic pyrolysis of the plastics produced a high yield of an oil\wax product in the range, 81-97 wt. %. Addition of the catalyst reduced the yield of oil to between 44-51 wt.%, with an increase in gas yield from cracking of the oil volatiles.However, the condensed oils produced from pyrolysis-catalysis were enriched with lower molecular weight (C 5 -C 15 ) hydrocarbons and were markedly more aromatic in composition with a high proportion of single ring aromatic hydrocarbons. Comparison of the results from pyrolysis and pyrolysis-catalysis of the simulated mixture of plastics with the data obtained for the individual plastics showed that significant interaction between the plastics occurred in the mixture with higher C 2 -C 4 gas yield and higher aromatic content in the oils than expected from the proportions of the individual plastics in the mixture. INTRODUCTIONGlobal energy use is expected to continue to rise over the next two decades, including an increase in the demand for transport fuels. 1 The production of transport fuels from biomass and wastes offers alternatives to the production of liquid fuels from petroleum. One such source for liquid transport fuels is the processing of waste plastics, through "tertiary recycling" which thermally process the waste plastics to produce fuels and chemicals from a material that was originally produced from petroleum.Post-consumer plastic waste generation in Europe is approximately 25 million tonnes per year, of which 6.6 million tonnes are recycled mainly through mechanical recycling, 8.9 million tonnes are processed by energy recovery facilities and 9.6 million tonnes are disposed to landfill. 2 Municipal solid waste contains post-consumer plastics which consist of mainly, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). 3Pyrolysis is a form of tertiary recycling undertaken in the absence of oxygen and leads to the thermal degradation of the plastic. The process of pyrolysis produces cracking of the high molecular weight polymer chain to low molecular weight hydrocarbon oils and gases.Tertiary recycling implies that the product oils and gases can be re-processed at a petroleum refinery to produce liquid fuels, plastics and chemicals. 4 The pyrolysis process for the treatment of waste plastics has been described as one of the most suitable options for the preservation of petroleum resources and an environmentally acceptable treatment of waste. 3,5The pyrolysis of waste plastics has been c...

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“…López等人 [6] 在半序批次反应器中, 在热解温度和停留时间参数上对废旧塑料热解产物的分布及特性进行研究, 并确定塑料热解的最佳温度为500°C. Olazar课题组 [7] 和沈祥智等人 [8] 应性好和设备投资低等优点, 被广泛地应用到热解工艺中 [9,10] . 因此, 在本研究中, 热载体直接加热的方式被应用到回转窑热解废塑料工艺中.…”

Section: 近些年废旧塑料的资源能源化回收利用在国内unclassified

The simulation of particle movement and heat transfer in rotary kiln for plastic waste pyrolysis

Zhang

Bao

et al. 2020

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Advanced Thermal Treatment of Wastes for Fuels, Chemicals and Materials Recovery

Cited by 6 publications

References 157 publications

Hydrogen and Carbon Nanotubes from Pyrolysis-Catalysis of Waste Plastics: A Review

Hydrogen and Carbon Nanotubes from Pyrolysis-Catalysis of Waste Plastics: A Review

Thermal Degradation of Real-World Waste Plastics and Simulated Mixed Plastics in a Two-Stage Pyrolysis–Catalysis Reactor for Fuel Production

The simulation of particle movement and heat transfer in rotary kiln for plastic waste pyrolysis

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