Advanced Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting Techniques

Becker, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/3-540-28882-1

Cited by 966 publications

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“…[22,23] Scattering is an ultrafast process, taking place in femtoseconds and detection of scattering events under identical conditions to that of the measurement provides a good approximation of the IRF. The emission filters used in spFRET setups block scattered light with high efficiency, meaning that measurements over at least 30 min are needed to collect enough photons for an IRF determination from water measurements.…”

Section: Extracting the Instrument Response Function (Irf) And Backgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22,23] By combining macroscopic times, given by the repetition rate of the laser pulses (with 10-100 ns resolution), with the microscopic arrival time of the fluorescence photon with respect to the laser pulse as measured by TCSPC, an overall time resolution of picoseconds can be achieved even over very long measurement times of hours. [24] Moreover, the information on its color, polarization and the delay between excitation and emission of the fluorescence photon is recorded for each photon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining MFD and PIE for Accurate Single‐Pair Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements

et al. 2012

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Section: Extracting the Instrument Response Function (Irf) And Backgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining MFD and PIE for Accurate Single‐Pair Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements

et al. 2012

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“…However, for the measurement of nanosecond fluorescence lifetimes, picosecond timing accuracy is essential. The MCPs themselves are capable of timing the photon arrival with a precision of a few tens of picoseconds [10,39], and the anode can record the position of the photon event. Different read-out architectures have been developed, where the electrons from the MCPs are read out directly with a position-sensitive anode ( figure 4(b)), see section 4.1.2.…”

Section: Wide-field Tcspc Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transit time is short, and consequently, the transit time spread is also short, 10s of ps. Indeed, MCPs are used as fast detectors for timing in TCSPC, and IRFs of <20 ps have been reported [39]. For wide-field TCSPC, position read-out is necessary, and the electrons can be detected with either a position-sensitive anode, or converted to photons with a phosphor screen and detected with a camera.…”

Section: Microchannel Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide-field TCSPC: methods and applications

Hirvonen

Suhling

2016

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…Photon correlators are commercially available for primary applications in light scattering from laboratory specimens (Becker, 2005). Based upon experiences from a series of hardware correlators from different manufacturers, current units were custom-made (by Correlator.com) for applications in intensity interferometry.…”

Section: Real-time Photon Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-baseline optical intensity interferometry

Dravins

Lagadec

Nuñez

2015

A&A

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Context. A long-held vision has been to realize diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis over kilometer baselines. This will enable imaging of stellar surfaces and their environments, and reveal interacting gas flows in binary systems. An opportunity is now opening up with the large telescope arrays primarily erected for measuring Cherenkov light in air induced by gamma rays. With suitable software, such telescopes could be electronically connected and also used for intensity interferometry. Second-order spatial coherence of light is obtained by cross correlating intensity fluctuations measured in different pairs of telescopes. With no optical links between them, the error budget is set by the electronic time resolution of a few nanoseconds. Corresponding light-travel distances are approximately one meter, making the method practically immune to atmospheric turbulence or optical imperfections, permitting both very long baselines and observing at short optical wavelengths. Aims. Previous theoretical modeling has shown that full images should be possible to retrieve from observations with such telescope arrays. This project aims at verifying diffraction-limited imaging experimentally with groups of detached and independent optical telescopes. Methods. In a large optics laboratory, artificial stars (single and double, round and elliptic) were observed by an array of small telescopes. Using high-speed photon-counting solid-state detectors and real-time electronics, intensity fluctuations were cross-correlated over up to 180 baselines between pairs of telescopes, producing coherence maps across the interferometric Fourier-transform plane. Results. These interferometric measurements were used to extract parameters about the simulated stars, and to reconstruct their twodimensional images. As far as we are aware, these are the first diffraction-limited images obtained from an optical array only linked by electronic software, with no optical connections between the telescopes. Conclusions. These experiments serve to verify the concepts for long-baseline aperture synthesis in the optical (somewhat analogous to radio interferometry) and to optimize the instrumentation and observing procedures for future observations with large arrays of Cherenkov telescopes, aiming at order-of-magnitude improvements of the angular resolution in optical astronomy.

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Advanced Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting Techniques

Cited by 966 publications

References 0 publications

Combining MFD and PIE for Accurate Single‐Pair Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements

Combining MFD and PIE for Accurate Single‐Pair Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements

Wide-field TCSPC: methods and applications

Long-baseline optical intensity interferometry

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