Advancement of long-gauge carbon fiber line sensors for strain measurements in structures

Saifeldeen, Mohamed A; Fouad, Nariman; Huang, Huang; Wu, Zhishen

doi:10.1177/1045389x16665974

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This would lead to transverse resistance and result in nonlinear trend. This nonlinear fashion was also observed in results reported in literature in [ 9 , 25 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The type of carbon fibers used in the current research were carbon fiber tows or rovings which were based on a commercially available Toray T300b. The choice of Toray T300b was based on its performance in the literature [ 20 , 21 , 25 , 27 ]. Each roving contains a bundle of long strand of fibers.…”

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, a long-gauge carbon fiber line sensor was introduced in [ 25 ] for structural health monitoring and was implemented by Saifeldeen et al in [ 26 ], in conjunction with an auxiliary carbon fiber line sensor to compensate for errors in readings. The lengths of the sensors were 50 cm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mechanical Characteristics of Carbon Fiber Sensors

Bashmal

Siddiqui

Arif

2017

Sensors

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Carbon fiber-based materials possess excellent mechanical properties and show linear piezoresistive behavior, which make them good candidate materials for strain measurements. They have the potential to be used as sensors for various applications such as damage detection, stress analysis and monitoring of manufacturing processes and quality. In this paper, carbon fiber sensors are prepared to perform reliable strain measurements. Both experimental and computational studies were carried out on commercially available carbon fibers in order to understand the response of the carbon fiber sensors due to changes in the axial strain. Effects of parameters such as diameter, length, and epoxy-hardener ratio are discussed. The developed numerical model was calibrated using laboratory-based experimental data. The results of the current study show that sensors with shorter lengths have relatively better sensitivity. This is due to the fact short fibers have low initial resistance, which will increase the change of resistance over initial resistance. Carbon fibers with low number of filaments exhibit linear behavior while nonlinear behavior due to transverse resistance is significant in fibers with large number of filaments. This study will allow researchers to predict the behavior of the carbon fiber sensor in real life and it will serve as a basis for designing carbon fiber sensors to be used in different applications.

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“…This would lead to transverse resistance and result in nonlinear trend. This nonlinear fashion was also observed in results reported in literature in [ 9 , 25 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mechanical Characteristics of Carbon Fiber Sensors

Bashmal

Siddiqui

Arif

2017

Sensors

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“…23–25 It was found that the strain response and electrical properties of the long-gauge CFRP strip sensors exhibited a good linear relationship with the applied strain even at low-level strains; moreover, the proposed sensors maintain stable linearity throughout the long-term cyclic performance. Saifeldeen et al 26,27 studied the effect of fiber arrangement on the effective temperature compensation method in the smart type carbon fiber line (CFL) sensors. Moreover, in their study, a post-tensioning method was developed to straighten the skewness of fibers and control the initial creep of the CFL sensor to enhance the linearity and repeatability from low- to high-level strains.…”

Section: Carbon Fiber Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion monitoring of flexural reinforced concrete members under service loads using distributed long-gauge carbon fiber sensors

Fouad

Saifeldeen

Huang

et al. 2017

Structural Health Monitoring

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Currently, corrosion of steel reinforcements is a major topic for several researchers because of the early deterioration and shortening of the service life of structures, particularly those prone to salt attacks. This study proposes a new technique for monitoring corrosion of steel reinforcements in flexural reinforced concrete structures using distributed embedded long-gauge packaged carbon fiber line sensors with self-compensation under service loads. Three different approaches including continuous-strain ratio, distributed-strain ratio, and section fiber model were proposed to evaluate corrosion levels using strain measurements. Different groups of distributed packaged carbon fiber line sensors were installed on the concrete surface and steel reinforcements of the reinforced concrete beam to verify the proposed approaches experimentally using the accelerated corrosion technique. The sensors installed on the concrete surface affected by cracks can only localize the corrosion locations but are unable to determine the actual values of corrosion levels. The degree of corrosion calculated using each approach was compared with the weight loss of an experimental corrosion model. The results showed that the continuous-strain ratio approach will be suitable to localize and evaluate the corrosion degrees if corrosion occurs before the formation of cracks, while the distributed-strain ratio is more effective in the presence of cracks. In highly damaged conditions, the section fiber model will be the most accurate method to evaluate and localize corrosion in steel reinforcements.

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“…Continuous carbon fibers are particularly attractive due to its electromechanical behavior as well as excellent mechanical properties, in which the former makes it as a potential long-gauge sensing agent and the latter makes it as a dominant reinforcement in advanced polymer composites [ 6 , 7 ]. Polymer composites possess self-sensing functions when embedded with continuous carbon fibers, which allows the monitoring of their own conditions without the need for embedded or attached sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Sensing of Position-Related Loads in Continuous Carbon Fibers-Embedded 3D-Printed Polymer Structures Using Electrical Resistance Measurement

Luan

Yao

Shen

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Condition monitoring in polymer composites and structures based on continuous carbon fibers show overwhelming advantages over other potentially competitive sensing technologies in long-gauge measurements due to their great electromechanical behavior and excellent reinforcement property. Although carbon fibers have been developed as strain- or stress-sensing agents in composite structures through electrical resistance measurements, the electromechanical behavior under flexural loads in terms of different loading positions still lacks adequate research, which is the most common situation in practical applications. This study establishes the relationship between the fractional change in electrical resistance of carbon fibers and the external loads at different loading positions along the fibers’ longitudinal direction. An approach for real-time monitoring of flexural loads at different loading positions was presented simultaneously based on this relationship. The effectiveness and feasibility of the approach were verified by experiments on carbon fiber-embedded three-dimensional (3D) printed thermoplastic polymer beam. The error in using the provided approach to monitor the external loads at different loading positions was less than 1.28%. The study fully taps the potential of continuous carbon fibers as long-gauge sensory agents and reinforcement in the 3D-printed polymer structures.

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Advancement of long-gauge carbon fiber line sensors for strain measurements in structures

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mechanical Characteristics of Carbon Fiber Sensors

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Mechanical Characteristics of Carbon Fiber Sensors

Corrosion monitoring of flexural reinforced concrete members under service loads using distributed long-gauge carbon fiber sensors

Self-Sensing of Position-Related Loads in Continuous Carbon Fibers-Embedded 3D-Printed Polymer Structures Using Electrical Resistance Measurement

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