Advancements in Biopolymer‐Derived Graft Copolymers: A Comprehensive Review on Their Application in Sustainable Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Rising concerns over water pollution and the depletion of non‐renewable resources have propelled the exploration of eco‐friendly and sustainable wastewater treatment alternatives. Biopolymer‐derived graft copolymers emerge as a promising solution, offering biodegradability, cost‐effectiveness, versatility, and enhanced functionality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in utilizing these copolymers as eco‐friendly flocculants for wastewater treatment. It covers synthesis methods for functionalized biopolymer‐based flocculants, diverse flocculation mechanisms, and their efficacy in solid–liquid separation. The article explores applications for removing pollutants, emphasizing biodegradability, cost‐effectiveness, and versatility. Special attention is given to the environmental impact, critically analyzing how these copolymers contribute to sustainable water treatment practices. The review also discusses potential future prospects and advancements in addressing global water pollution challenges using biopolymer‐derived graft copolymers.