Advancements in electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction: A review on CO2 mass transport enhancement strategies

Zhou, Yuan; Wang, Ke; Zheng, Shaojie; Cheng, Xiao; He, Yanxiao; Qin, Wei; Zhang, Xinghong; Chang, Haixing; Zhong, Nianbing; He, Xuefeng

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.150169

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 79 publications

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“…Electrochemistry (EC) has been extensively utilized in the quest for CO 2 recycling and the production of value-added products, offering promising solutions for both energy and environmental challenges. − Cu-based electrocatalysts have demonstrated superiority over other metal catalysts by exhibiting high C–C coupling efficiency, leading to the production of C 2+ (oxygenated) hydrocarbons. − They also offer a higher likelihood of yielding desired products among a range of options. In contrast, catalysts based on other metals generally offer fewer options for reduction products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction for Dynamic C₁, C₂, and C₃₊ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Bae,

Hwang,

Yun

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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The electrodeposition of Cu and Zn onto bare Cu and CuZn mesh supports offers a straightforward method for fabricating novel electrodes for electrochemical CO 2 reduction (EC CO 2 R). This study evaluates the performance of these modified electrodes by assessing their Faradaic efficiency (FE) under various conditions including different electrolytes, concentrations, applied potentials, recycling effects, and Nafion treatment. The reduction products were categorized into several groups: C 1 gaseous products (CO and CH 4 ), C 2 gaseous products (C 2 H 4 and C 2 H 6 ), C 3,4 hydrocarbons, major C 1 /C 2 /C 3 liquid products (formate, ethanol, and propanol), and minor C 1 /C 2 /C 3 liquid products (methanol, acetate, acetaldehyde, and isopropanol). We evaluated their dynamic FE variations under various experimental conditions. The production of C 2+ hydrocarbons through EC CO 2 R was found to be analogous to conventional Fischer−Tropsch synthesis, highlighting the pivotal roles of *CO and *CH x intermediates. This study's insights into the dynamic variations of C 1 , C 2 , and C 3+ product chemistry aid in the further development of Zn and Cu-based electrocatalysts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction for Dynamic C₁, C₂, and C₃₊ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Bae,

Hwang,

Yun

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Electroreduction of CO to 2.8 A cm⁻² C₂₊ Products: Maximizing Efficiency with Minimalist Electrode Design Featuring a Mesopore‐Rich Hydrophobic Copper Catalyst Layer

Chen,

Rowley,

Ganganahalli

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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This work shows how hydrophobicity and porosity can be incorporated into copper catalyst layers (CLs) for the efficient electroreduction of CO (CORR) in a flow cell. Oxide‐derived (OD) Cu catalysts are synthesized using K+ and Cs+ as templates, termed respectively as OD‐Cu‐K and OD‐Cu‐Cs. CLs, assembled from OD‐Cu‐K and OD‐Cu‐Cs, exhibit enhanced CORR performance compared to “unmodified” OD‐Cu CL. OD‐Cu‐Cs can notably reduce CO to C2+ products with Faradaic efficiencies (FE) as high as 96% (or 4% FE H2). During CO electrolysis at −3000 mA cm−2 (−0.73 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode), C2+ products and the alcohols are formed with respective current densities of −2804 and −1205 mA cm−2. The mesopores in the OD‐Cu‐Cs CL act as barriers against electrolyte flooding. Contact angle measurements confirm the CL's hydrophobicity ranking: OD‐Cu‐Cs > OD‐Cu‐K > OD‐Cu. The enhanced hydrophobicity of a catalyst is proposed to allow more triple‐phase (CO‐electrolyte‐catalyst) interfaces to be available for CORR. This study shows how the pore size‐hydrophobicity relationship can be harvested to guide the design of a less‐is‐more Cu electrode, which can attain high CORR current density and selectivity, without the additional use of hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene particles or dopants, such as Ag.

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Mesopore‐Augmented Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon

Han,

Zhang,

Biset‐Peiró

et al. 2024

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The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (eCO2RR) using nitrogen‐doped carbon (N–C) materials offers a promising and cost‐effective approach to global carbon neutrality. Regulating the porosity of N–C materials can potentially increase the catalytic performance by suppressing the concurrence of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the augmentation of porosity usually alters the active sites or the chemical composition of catalysts, resulting in intertwined influences of various structural factors and catalytic performance. In this study, incorporating secondary carbon sources into the metal‐organic framework (MOF) precursor through nanocasting aimed to selectively enhance the mesoporous structure, allowing for deciphering this effect from other changes in the catalyst composition. Consequently, the developed N–C catalyst exhibited a significant surface area with abundant mesopores, leading to a maximum Faradaic efficiency (FE) for carbon monoxide (CO) of 95% at −0.50 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE). Furthermore, the FE for CO is enhanced across a wide potential range, surpassing previously reported metal‐free N–C eCO2RR catalysts. The investigation reveals that constructing mesoporous structures can induce excellent CO2 catalysis by enhancing the accessibility of active sites while establishing an elevated local pH at these sites.

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Advancements in electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction: A review on CO2 mass transport enhancement strategies

Cited by 8 publications

References 79 publications

Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction for Dynamic C₁, C₂, and C₃₊ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction for Dynamic C₁, C₂, and C₃₊ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Electroreduction of CO to 2.8 A cm⁻² C₂₊ Products: Maximizing Efficiency with Minimalist Electrode Design Featuring a Mesopore‐Rich Hydrophobic Copper Catalyst Layer

Mesopore‐Augmented Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon

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Advancements in electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction: A review on CO2 mass transport enhancement strategies

Cited by 8 publications

References 79 publications

Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction for Dynamic C1, C2, and C3+ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction for Dynamic C1, C2, and C3+ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Electroreduction of CO to 2.8 A cm⁻2 C2+ Products: Maximizing Efficiency with Minimalist Electrode Design Featuring a Mesopore‐Rich Hydrophobic Copper Catalyst Layer

Mesopore‐Augmented Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon

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Product

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Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction for Dynamic C₁, C₂, and C₃₊ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction for Dynamic C₁, C₂, and C₃₊ Chemistry over Electrodeposited Zn on Cu and CuZn Mesh Supports

Electroreduction of CO to 2.8 A cm⁻² C₂₊ Products: Maximizing Efficiency with Minimalist Electrode Design Featuring a Mesopore‐Rich Hydrophobic Copper Catalyst Layer

Mesopore‐Augmented Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon