Advances in antiangiogenic treatment of small-cell lung cancer

Abstract

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine malignancy, has a rapid growth rate, strong aggressiveness, early metastases, and poor prognosis. Angiogenesis greatly contributes to the metastatic process of SCLC, which has a higher vascularization compared with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SCLC might constitute an ideal malignancy for assessing new antiangiogenic drugs and therapeutic strategies. Combining bevacizumab with paclitaxel has therapeutic benefits in chemoresistant, relapsed SCLC. The cisplatin–etoposide and bevacizumab combination, as the first-line treatment for extensive-stage SCLC, can improve progression-free survival (PFS), with an acceptable toxicity profile. Ziv-aflibercept combined with topotecan is promising for platinum-refractory SCLC. Chemotherapy combined with thalidomide cannot prolong survival. Maintenance sunitinib of 37.5 mg/day in extensive-stage SCLC patients following induction chemotherapy with platinum/etoposide improves median PFS by 1.6 months. Serum angiopoietin-2 concentrations and vascular endothelial growth factor levels correlate with poor prognosis. Bevacizumab, ziv-aflibercept, and sunitinib are worthy of further evaluation. Thalidomide, sorafenib, pomalidomide, and cediranib may not be suitable for SCLC.

<p>Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib for Elderly Patients with Previously Treated Extensive-Stage SCLC and the Prognostic Significance of Common Adverse Reactions</p>

“…11 Recent years witnessed that antiangiogenic drugs demonstrated superior anticancer activity in SCLC. 12 Bevacizumab exhibited improved progression-free survival (PFS) as first line treatment for patients with ES-SCLC in a phase ш clinical trial. 13 With regard to antiangiogenic small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), sunitinib, vandetanib, sorafenib, pazopanib and apatinib were investigated as second-line or subsequent-line therapy in clinical trials previously.…”

Ang-2 promotes lung cancer metastasis by increasing epithelial-mesenchymal transition

“…The early symptoms of patients with lung cancer are not obvious, with diagnosis difficult at early stage, tumor metastasis, drug resistance, and poor prognosis [ 3 ]. The occurrence and development of lung cancer is related to oncogene activation, tumor suppressor gene inactivation, protein functional effector sncRNAs (pfeRNAs), angiogenesis, and inflammation [ 4 , 5 ]. Increasing evidence implicates that exosomes confer stability and can deliver their cargos such as proteins and nucleic acids to specific cell types, which subsequently serve as important messengers and carriers in lung carcinogenesis [ 6 ].…”

Arginine, glycine, aspartic acid peptide-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposome for the treatment of lung cancer: in vitro/vivo evaluation

“…1 Paclitaxel was effective in the treatment of a wide range of advanced human cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). 2 The commercial PTX preparation (Taxol ® ) is formulated by Cremophor EL ® (polyethoxylated castor oil used as a solubilizing agent) and anhydrous ethanol, which provides a homogeneous preparation. In clinical practice, PTX is usually administered as a 3-h and 24-h infusion representing a total dose of 135-175 mg/m 2 of the body every 3 weeks.…”