Advances in antifungal drug measurement by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Zheng, Yu Zi; Wang, Sihe

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.023

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Since there are few fungal-specific targets, antifungal drug discovery is problematic and leads to the emergence of resistant fungi. In addition to intrinsic antifungal resistance (e.g., multidrug-resistant Candida auris), there are many other mechanisms that fungi use to resist drug therapy that have been described in the literature (Nett and Andes, 2016;Robbins et al, 2016;Perfect, 2017;Zheng and Wang, 2019;Howard et al, 2020).…”

Section: Natural Products With Antifungal Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds With Antimicrobial and Antiviral Effect and Nanocarriers Used for Their Transportation

Stan

Enciu

Mateescu³

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

122

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Due to the increasing prevalence of life-threatening bacterial, fungal and viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compunds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable compounds for this task are usually derived from natural sources (animal, plant or even microbial). In this review article, the latest and most promising natural compounds used to combat bacteria, filamentous fungi and viruses are presented and evaluated. These include plant extracts, essential oils, small antimicrobial peptides of animal origin, bacteriocins and various groups of plant compounds (triterpenoids; alkaloids; phenols; flavonoids) with antimicrobial and antiviral activity. Data are presented on the inhibitory activity of each natural antimicrobial substance and on the putative mechanism of action against bacterial and fungal strains. The results show that among the bioactive compounds studied, triterpenoids have significant inhibitory activity against coronaviruses, but flavonoids have also been shown to inhibit SARS-COV-2. The last chapter is devoted to nanocarriers used to improve stability, bioavailability, cellular uptake/internalization, pharmacokinetic profile and reduce toxicity of natural compunds. There are a number of nanocarriers such as liposomes, drug delivery microemulsion systems, nanocapsules, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, dendrimers, etc. However, some of the recent studies have focused on the incorporation of natural substances with antimicrobial/antiviral activity into polymeric nanoparticles, niosomes and silver nanoparticles (which have been shown to have intrinsic antimicrobial activity). The natural antimicrobials isolated from animals and microorganisms have been shown to have good inhibitory effect on a range of pathogens, however the plants remain the most prolific source. Even if the majority of the studies for the biological activity evaluation are in silico or in vitro, their internalization in the optimum nanocarriers represents the future of “green therapeutics” as shown by some of the recent work in the field.

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Section: Natural Products With Antifungal Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds With Antimicrobial and Antiviral Effect and Nanocarriers Used for Their Transportation

Stan

Enciu

Mateescu³

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

122

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“…Some antifungal drugs represent ideal candidates for TDM [92]: itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole among azoles and 5-flucytosine among antimetabolites. They are characterized by high inter-and intra-patient variability in blood concentration, absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, genetic polymorphism, drug-drug interaction and narrow therapeutic index [93]. PK data for voriconazole and posaconazole already exist for adult patients, but they are not available for pediatric and neonatal patients [94], given the wide differences in volume distribution, clearance and other PK parameters, especially in neonatal age [92].…”

Section: Tdm and Antifungalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Is a Feasible Tool to Personalize Drug Administration in Neonates Using New Techniques: An Overview on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Neonatal Age

Rose

Cairoli

Dionisi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) should be adopted in all neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), where the most preterm and fragile babies are hospitalized and treated with many drugs, considering that organs and metabolic pathways undergo deep and progressive maturation processes after birth. Different developmental changes are involved in interindividual variability in response to drugs. A crucial point of TDM is the choice of the bioanalytical method and of the sample to use. TDM in neonates is primarily used for antibiotics, antifungals, and antiepileptic drugs in clinical practice. TDM appears to be particularly promising in specific populations: neonates who undergo therapeutic hypothermia or extracorporeal life support, preterm infants, infants who need a tailored dose of anticancer drugs. This review provides an overview of the latest advances in this field, showing options for a personalized therapy in newborns and infants.

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“…As a result of the high toxicity of most antifungal drugs, one needs to ensure that drug exposure at the site of infection is adequate while toxicity to the host is minimized. Many antifungal drugs exhibit great inter- and intra-individual variability in blood concentrations due to variable absorption, metabolism, elimination, non-linear pharmacokinetics, drug–drug interactions, and cytochrome P450 polymorphisms [ 7 ]. TDM can be used for tailoring medications to achieve exposures associated with a high probability of therapeutic success, decrease treatment-related toxicity, and help prevent the emergence of antifungal resistance due to subtherapeutic drug exposures.…”

Section: Antifungal Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are five main classes of antifungal drugs: polyenes, flucytosine, allylamines, azoles, and echinocandins [ 7 ]. TDM is especially justified for flucytosine and triazoles due to their large inter- and intra-individual pharmacokinetic variability and their high tendency for drug–drug interactions.…”

Section: Antifungal Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2019, researchers published a review article on the application of LC-MS/MS procedures for TDM of anti-tuberculosis drugs [ 2 ]. Zheng and Wang reviewed advances in the application of LC-MS for the determination of antifungal drugs in biological samples [ 7 ]. The application of LC-MS/MS for TDM of immunosuppressive drugs was described and discussed in a review article published in 2016 [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Chromatographic Methods Coupled with Modern Detection Techniques Applied in the Therapeutic Drugs Monitoring (TDM)

Tuzimski

Petruczynik

2020

Molecules

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Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a tool used to integrate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics knowledge to optimize and personalize various drug therapies. The optimization of drug dosing may improve treatment outcomes, reduce toxicity, and reduce the risk of developing drug resistance. To adequately implement TDM, accurate and precise analytical procedures are required. In clinical practice, blood is the most commonly used matrix for TDM; however, less invasive samples, such as dried blood spots or non-invasive saliva samples, are increasingly being used. The choice of sample preparation method, type of column packing, mobile phase composition, and detection method is important to ensure accurate drug measurement and to avoid interference from matrix effects and drug metabolites. Most of the reported procedures used liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques due to its high selectivity and sensitivity. High-performance chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) methods are also used when a simpler and more cost-effective methodology is desired for clinical monitoring. The application of high-performance chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) with and without derivatization processes and high-performance chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED) techniques for the analysis of various drugs in biological samples for TDM have been described less often. Before chromatographic analysis, samples were pretreated by various procedures—most often by protein precipitation, liquid–liquid extraction, and solid-phase extraction, rarely by microextraction by packed sorbent, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. The aim of this article is to review the recent literature (2010–2020) regarding the use of liquid chromatography with various detection techniques for TDM.

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Advances in antifungal drug measurement by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Cited by 20 publications

References 93 publications

Natural Compounds With Antimicrobial and Antiviral Effect and Nanocarriers Used for Their Transportation

Natural Compounds With Antimicrobial and Antiviral Effect and Nanocarriers Used for Their Transportation

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Is a Feasible Tool to Personalize Drug Administration in Neonates Using New Techniques: An Overview on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Neonatal Age

Review of Chromatographic Methods Coupled with Modern Detection Techniques Applied in the Therapeutic Drugs Monitoring (TDM)

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