Advances in Carbon Nanotubes for Malignant Melanoma: A Chance for Treatment

Lima, Emerson; Piqueira, José Roberto Castilho; Maria, Durvanei Augusto

doi:10.1007/s40291-018-0363-7

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Therefore, XPD serves an important role in the TFIIH complex-mediated NER and its transcription process ( 3 ). In addition, XPD participates in various physiological and pathological processes, such as cellular proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis ( 13 , 15 – 22 ). In the present study, the XPD gene was cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector to construct the pEGFP-N1/XPD recombinant plasmid; this was confirmed by sequencing, which was consistent with the XPD sequence published on GenBank.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malignant melanoma is a type of malignant tumor originating from neural crest melanocytes ( 22 ). It mainly occurs in the skin and is the third most common skin malignant tumor ( 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malignant melanoma is a type of malignant tumor originating from neural crest melanocytes ( 22 ). It mainly occurs in the skin and is the third most common skin malignant tumor ( 22 ). Additionally, it commonly results in metastasis and relapse, leading to a poor prognosis ( 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning of the XPD gene and its function in malignant melanoma cells

et al. 2020

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The xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) gene is a member of the transcription factor IIH complex and serves an important role in gene repair. Previous studies have suggested that genetic variants of the XPD gene may be associated with an increased risk of cutaneous melanoma. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, the XPD gene was cloned, and its localization and function in malignant melanoma cells were investigated. The human full length XPD gene was cloned via reverse transcription-PCR using the total RNA extracted from human cervical squamous cell carcinoma epithelial HeLa cells. Subsequently, the gene was inserted into a plasmid fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP; pEGFP-N1/XPD), and pEGFP-N1/XPD and pcDNA3.1(+)/XPD were transfected into human malignant melanoma A375 cells using Lipofectamine ® 2000. The expression levels of XPD were detected by western blotting. The Golgi marker GM130 and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein marker KDEL were used for immunofluorescence staining, and the subcellular localization of XPD was observed under a fluorescence microscope. Cell proliferation was measured using an MTT assay. The recombinant pEGFP-N1/XPD plasmid expressing the human wild-type XPD gene was successfully constructed by restriction enzyme digestion and assessed by gene sequencing. XPD was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of malignant melanoma A375 cells, as confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, MTT assays indicated that XPD inhibited the proliferation of malignant melanoma A375 cells. The present study provides a basis for further investigation of the biological effects and functions of XPD in malignant melanoma cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malignant melanoma is a type of malignant tumor originating from neural crest melanocytes ( 22 ). It mainly occurs in the skin and is the third most common skin malignant tumor ( 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning of the XPD gene and its function in malignant melanoma cells

et al. 2020

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“…CNTs with sizes ranging from 100 to 200 nm undergo clathrin-mediated endocytosis while CNTs <50 nm enter the cells through energy-independent passive diffusion. 95 In a study conducted by Kam et al 73 green fluorescencelabeled SWCNT (a) and SWCNT-biotin-green fluorescently streptavidin (b) were incubated with HL60 cells for 1 h at 37°C. Confocal microscopy revealed green fluorescence in group A and yellow fluorescence in group B (SWCNT showed green fluorescence and endosomes of red dots overlapped to produce yellow fluorescence).…”

Section: Energy-dependent Endocytic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Damage to these structures induces loss of phagocytic ability, release of ROS, and injury to normal tissues. 95,96 At the molecular level, many of the mechanisms underlying CNT toxicity involve specific cellular signaling pathways and programs. Signaling pathways activated by CNTs include NF-kB, NLRP3 inflammasome, p53, TGF-β, and MAPK.…”

Section: Energy-dependent Endocytic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes as Anti-Tumor Drug Carriers</p>

Yan¹,

Xue²,

Xie³

et al. 2019

IJN

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Nanoparticle drug formulations have enormous application prospects owing to achievement of targeted and sustained release drug delivery, improvement in drug solubility and reduction of adverse drug reactions. Recently, a variety of efficient drug nanometer carriers have been developed, among which carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been increasingly utilized in the field of cancer therapy. However, these nanotubes exert various toxic effects on the body due to their unique physical and chemical properties. CNT-induced toxicity is related to surface modification, degree of aggregation in vivo, and nanoparticle concentration. This review has focused on the potential toxic effects of CNTs utilized as anti-tumor drug carriers. The main modes by which CNTs enter target sites, the toxicity expressive types and the factors affecting toxicity are discussed.

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Utilization of Nanoparticles, Nanodevices, and Nanotechnology in the Treatment Course of Cutaneous Melanoma

Hartmann

Perron

Razavi

2022

Advanced Therapeutics

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Melanoma is a highly lethal form of skin cancer caused by rapid proliferation of melanocytes, pigment‐producing cells of the skin. Despite continued advancements, current diagnostic and treatment techniques have been inadequate in decreasing the global health burden of this disease. Therefore, increased research has gone into solving these hindrances to treatment, with nanomedicine offering many promising solutions. In this review, different subtypes of nanomedicine will be discussed along with their clinical utility in relation to melanoma. First, risk factors, pathogenesis, and current therapeutic techniques relating to melanoma will be summarized and discussed. Then, the main types of nanomedicine and their use in treating melanoma will be discussed including nanoparticles, nanodevices, and nanotechnological tools in drug delivery and diagnosis.

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Advances in Carbon Nanotubes for Malignant Melanoma: A Chance for Treatment

Cited by 23 publications

References 97 publications

Cloning of the XPD gene and its function in malignant melanoma cells

Cloning of the XPD gene and its function in malignant melanoma cells

<p>Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes as Anti-Tumor Drug Carriers</p>

Utilization of Nanoparticles, Nanodevices, and Nanotechnology in the Treatment Course of Cutaneous Melanoma

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