Advances in colorimetric aptasensors for heavy metal ion detection utilizing nanomaterials: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Heavy metal ion contamination poses significant environmental and health risks, necessitating rapid and efficient detection methods.

Solvation effect enabled visualized discrimination of multiple metal ions

“…The pressing need for highly effective, low-cost, portable and reliable sensing analysis has given rise to the development of plenty of rapid detection methods for metal ions. Visualized optical sensing with a structurally tunable probe has exhibited superiority in sensitivity, fast response, and simple operation and has been applied in analyzing trace substances (e.g., metal ions [6][7][8] ) in many elds including food safety, [9][10][11] public security, [12][13][14][15] and environmental monitoring. [16][17][18] In the cases for detecting metal ions, most optical sensing methods mainly concentrated on a single metal ion by applying a masking agent to improve the selectivity, 19 while some others detecting multiple metal ions need to integrate several probes together and additionally discriminate partly overlapped spectral signals by statistical analysis.…”