Advances in contraception research and development

Abstract

Purpose of review In the past few years, there have been great advances in contraceptive technology and development. Here we review advances in contraception over the past two years including new medications, and technologies. Recent findings Contraception must be discussed within the context of individual goals and context. New contraceptive options approved by the FDA in the past two years include a year-long vaginal ring, a progestin-only pill that is as effective as combined oral contraceptive pills, a new hormonal patch and a vaginal gel that may also help prevent sexually transmitted infections. There are still areas of contraceptive research that are very much unknown including biomarkers of contraceptive efficacy or side effects, how individuals or groups metabolize contraception, initiation around reproductive life events or the discontinuation of other methods. Summary There have been many new contraceptives developed over the past few years to address challenges of existing contraception and create new methods; yet, there remain many unanswered questions in contraceptive research. Contraceptive technology has far-reaching consequences, and independent of technology itself, represents a great opportunity for truly personalized medicine.

A review of contraception and gender-affirming care

“…There are a few additional contraception options that may be available in the future for those who have a uterus, ovaries (ovary), and ovulate. There are several ongoing and completed studies examining new patches, internal condoms, spermicidal lubricants, and vaginal ring products (Cahill and Kaur, 2020). Much of the focus is now on gender inequality (traditionally burden has been on the partner with ovaries/uterus) and on the development of contraceptive methods.…”

Emergency Contraception. Literature Review. Experience in a Greek Center. Greece Used Methods

“…However, nausea is a common symptom with these dosages. The total hormonal dose received in this way is less than the total dose received in a cycle with administrated oral dose (AOD), and only the absolute contraindications of AOD were usually taken into account [13][14][15][16].…”

“…Thus, it prevents a pregnancy, regardless of the phase of the cycle in which the woman is. However, if the process of implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus has already begun, the preparation will have no effect; that is, it will not cause a miscarriage [13][14][15][16][24][25][26][27].…”

Robot-Assisted Tubal Reanastomosis after Sterilization: A Choice for Family Planning

“…Of intrauterine devices (IUDs), the most commonly used ones are the copper T380A ParaGard ® and the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (IUS) Mirena ® or Kyleena ® . When used correctly, further options such as the combined estrogen–progestin oral contraceptive, the patch, and vaginal rings provide reliable contraception [ 10 , 11 ]. Table 1 summarizes the existing contraceptive methods [ 12 ].…”