1.1. Objectives
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients can develop thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and therefore require serial imaging to monitor aortic growth. This study investigates the reliability of contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CEMRA) volumetry compared to two-dimensional diameter measurements to identify TAA growth.
1.2. Materials and Methods
A retrospective, IRB approved and HIPAA compliant study was conducted on 20 BAV patients (45±8.9 years old, 20% women) who underwent serial CEMRA with a minimum imaging follow-up of 11 months. MRI was performed at 1.5 T with ECG-gated time-resolved CEMRA. Independent observers measured the diameter at the sinuses of Valsalva (SOV) and mid-ascending aorta (MAA) as well as ascending aorta volume between the aortic valve annulus and innominate branch. Intra/inter-observer coefficient of variation (COV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were computed to assess reliability. Growth rates were calculated and assessed by Student’s t-test (p<0.05 significant). The diameter of maximal growth (DMG), defined as the diameter at SOV or MAA with the faster growth rate, was recorded.
1.3. Results
The mean time of follow-up was 2.6±0.82 years (y). The intraobserver COV was 0.01 for SOV, 0.02 for MAA, and 0.02 for volume (interoberserver COV: 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, respectively). The ICC was 0.83 for SOV, 0.86 for MAA, 0.90 for DMG, and 0.95 for volume. Average aortic measurements at baseline and (follow-up) were 42±3 mm (42±3 mm, p=0.11) at SOV, 46±4 mm (47±4 mm, p<0.05) at MAA, and 130±23 mL (144±24 mL, p<0.05). Average size changes were 0.2±0.6 mm/y (1%±2%) at SOV, 0.5±0.8 mm/y (1%±2%) at MAA, 0.7±0.7 mm/y (2%±2%) at DMG, and 6±3 mL/y (4%±3%) with volumetry.
1.4. Conclusions
3D CEMRA volumetry exhibited a larger effect when examining percentage growth, a better ICC, and a marginally lower COV. Volumetry may be more sensitive to growth and possibly less affected by error than diameter measurements.