Advances in diagnosis of Tuberculosis: an update into molecular diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Acharya, Bodhraj; Acharya, Ashma; Gautam, Sanjay S.; Ghimire, Sagar Prasad; Mishra, Gokul; Parajuli, Navin; Sapkota, Bishwa Raj

doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05413-7

Cited by 167 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) ( 1 ), being the leading cause of mortality due to infectious agents ( 1 ). The low sensitivity of diagnostic methods, the insufficient therapeutic coverage, the emergence of strains that are resistant to therapy, and the lack of an effective vaccine demand the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches ( 2 , 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Direct Role for the CD1b Endogenous Spacer in the Recognition of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigen by T-Cell Receptors

et al. 2020

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Lipids, glycolipids and lipopeptides derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are presented to T cells by monomorphic molecules known as CD1. This is the case of the Mtb-specific sulfoglycolipid Ac 2 SGL, which is presented by CD1b molecules and is recognized by T cells found in tuberculosis (TB) patients and in individuals with latent infections. Our group, using filamentous phage display technology, obtained two specific ligands against the CD1b-Ac 2 SGL complex: (i) a single chain T cell receptor (scTCR) from a human T cell clone recognizing the CD1b-AcSGL complex; and (ii) a light chain domain antibody (dAbκ11). Both ligands showed lower reactivity to a synthetic analog of Ac 2 SGL (SGL12), having a shorter acyl chain as compared to the natural antigen. Here we put forward the hypothesis that the CD1b endogenous spacer lipid (EnSpacer) plays an important role in the recognition of the CD1b-Ac 2 SGL complex by specific T cells. To support this hypothesis we combined: (a) molecular binding assays for both the scTCR and the dAbκ11 antibody domain against a small panel of synthetic Ac 2 SGL analogs having different acyl chains, (b) molecular modeling of the CD1b-Ac 2 SGL/EnSpacer complex, and (c) modeling of the interactions of this complex with the scTCR. Our results contribute to understand the mechanisms of lipid presentation by CD1b molecules and their interactions with T-cell receptors and other specific ligands, which may help to develop specific tools targeting Mtb infected cells for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Direct Role for the CD1b Endogenous Spacer in the Recognition of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigen by T-Cell Receptors

et al. 2020

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“…The organs can be infected include lymph nodes, pleura, intestine, meninges, joints, bones, kidneys and skin. 3 Tuberculous pleurisy is the second most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis after lymph node tuberculosis, accounting for about 4% of tuberculosis in the United States and Brazil and about 20% in South Africa. 4 Tuberculous pleurisy has a higher disability rate than general pulmonary tuberculosis, 5 so early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to the prognosis of the disease and the prevention and control of tuberculosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Application of NGS in Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleurisy with Multiple Negative Tests: A Case Report</p>

Wu¹,

Wei²,

Yu³

2020

IDR

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Background: Tuberculous pleurisy is inflammation caused by direct infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and/or delayed allergic reaction of the pleura to MTB thallus components. The diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy is mainly confirmed by bacterial culture, smear staining or histopathology, but has some clinical limitations. Next-generation sequencing (NGS), as a new diagnostic technology, has good application prospects in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. Case Presentation: A patient admitted with right pleural effusion and pneumonia was actively treated with anti-infection, anti-inflammatory and symptomatic support while various etiological tests of right pleural effusion were improved. However, all the etiological tests for MTB infection were negative. At this time, the patient's condition worsened and pleural effusion also appeared on the left side. In order to clarify the cause of the disease as soon as possible and prevent the disease from worsening again, the left and right pleural effusions of the patient were sent for NGS testing. The test results suggested MTB infection, which finally clarified the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy, and the next treatment plan of the patient was timely adjusted. Conclusion: NGS is instructive in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy when various conventional tests and imaging methods fail.

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“…These findings have implications for improving the bacteriological diagnostic modalities currently in use for diagnosis of TB in endemic countries. New diagnostic approaches reported in this Research Topic may overcome the limitations observed with the currently available TB diagnostic tools (Acharya et al, 2020). This Research Topic also includes a review by Yong et al on recent advances on TB biomarkers, particularly host biomarkers that have the great potential to improve diagnosis and differentiate between active and latent TB as well as on their use in disease prognosis and treatment monitoring (Yong et al).…”

Section: Editorial On the Research Topic Innovative Approaches In Diamentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: Innovative Approaches in Diagnosis of Emerging/Re-emerging Infectious Diseases

2020

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Advances in diagnosis of Tuberculosis: an update into molecular diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Cited by 167 publications

References 52 publications

A Direct Role for the CD1b Endogenous Spacer in the Recognition of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigen by T-Cell Receptors

A Direct Role for the CD1b Endogenous Spacer in the Recognition of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigen by T-Cell Receptors

<p>Application of NGS in Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleurisy with Multiple Negative Tests: A Case Report</p>

Editorial: Innovative Approaches in Diagnosis of Emerging/Re-emerging Infectious Diseases

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