Advances in diesel–alcohol blends and their effects on the performance and emissions of diesel engines

Kumar, Santosh; Cho, Jae Hyun; Park, Jaedeuk; Moon, Il

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.017

Cited by 419 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…Blending of ethanol to diesel fuel has affected certain important physicochemical properties such as lower heating value, cetane number, viscosity, stability and lubricity etc. The properties and specifications of ethanol blended with diesel fuel were broadly discussed by Hansen et al (17) and Kumar et al (23) recently.…”

Section: E-diesel and E-biodiesel Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical co-solvents introduced in the studies up to now are biodiesel. A mixture of petro-diesel, biodiesel and bioethanol are termed as "Diesterol" by Rahimi et al (40) as "EBdiesel" by Fernando and Hanna (41) , as "BE-diesel" by Gonca (42) , or as "e-b-Diesel blends" by Lapuerta et al (43) Regardless of co-solvents type, the blended fuel of diesel and ethanol was designated as "diesehol" by Liu et al (44) , as "diesohol" by Kwanchareon et al (34) and Shahir et al (45) , as "E-diesel" or "e-diesel blends" by Pantar and Corkwell (46) , Kumar et al (23) and Lapuerta et al…”

Section: Spray Characteristics Of Ethanol Blended Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Spray Characteristics of Bioethanol and Its Blended Fuels in CI Engines

No¹

2014

Journal of ILASS-Korea

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This review will be concentrated on the spray characteristics of bioethanol and its derived fuels such as ethanol-diesel, ethanol-biodiesel in compression ignition (CI) engines. The difficulty in meeting the severe limitations on NOx and PM emissions in CI engines has brought about many methods for the application of ethanol because ethanol diffusion flames in engine produce virtually no soot. The most popular method for the application of ethanol as a fuel in CI engines is the blending of ethanol with diesel. The physical properties of ethanol and its derivatives related to spray characteristics such as viscosity, density and surface tension are discussed. Viscosity and density of e-diesel and e-biodiesel generally are decreased with increase in ethanol content and temperature. More than 22% and 30% of ethanol addition would not satisfied the requirement of viscosity and density in EN 590, respectively. Investigation of neat ethanol sprays in CI engines was conducted by very few researchers. The effect of ambient temperature on liquid phase penetration is a controversial topic due to the opposite result between two studies. More researches are required for the spray characteristics of neat ethanol in CI engines. The ethanol blended fuels in CI engines can be classified into ethanol-diesel blend (e-diesel) and ethanol-biodiesel (e-biodiesel) blend. Even though dodecanol and n-butanol are rarely used, the addition of biodiesel as blend stabilizer is the prevailing method because it has the advantage of increasing the biofuel concentration in diesel fuel. Spray penetration and SMD of e-diesel and e-biodiesel decrease with increase in ethanol concentration, and in ambient pressure. However, spray angle is increased with increase in the ethanol percentage in e-diesel. As the ambient pressure increases, liquid phase penetration was decreased, but spray angle was increased in e-diesel. The increase in ambient temperature showed the slight effect on liquid phase penetration, but spray angle was decreased. A numerical study of micro-explosion concluded that the optimum composition of e-diesel binary mixture for micro-explosion was approximately E50D50, while that of e-biodiesel binary mixture was E30B70 due to the lower volatility of biodiesel. Adding less volatile biodiesel into the ternary mixture of ethanol-biodiesel-diesel can remarkably enhance micro-explosion. Addition of ethanol up to 20% in e-biodiesel showed no effect on spray penetration. However, increase of nozzle orifice diameter results in increase of spray penetration. The more study on liquid phase penetration and SMD in e-diesel and e-biodiesel is required.

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Section: E-diesel and E-biodiesel Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spray Characteristics Of Ethanol Blended Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Spray Characteristics of Bioethanol and Its Blended Fuels in CI Engines

No¹

2014

Journal of ILASS-Korea

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“…By overcoming the cost and performance issues, biofuels can be blended with jet fuel or synthetic jet fuels to minimize the emissions [1]. Alcohols as biofuels are being considered as the promising renewable fuels because of their higher volatility and latent heat of vaporization [2][3]. Alcohols, such as ethanol and butanol are already being employed in small proportions with diesel and gasoline in the field of transportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigations on nucleation, bubble growth, and micro-explosion characteristics during the combustion of ethanol/Jet A-1 fuel droplets

Rao

Syam

Karmakar

et al. 2017

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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The combustion characteristics of ethanol/Jet A-1 fuel droplets having three different proportions of ethanol (10%, 30%, and 50% by vol.) are investigated in the present study. The large volatility differential between ethanol and Jet A-1 and the nominal immiscibility of the fuels seem to result in combustion characteristics that are rather different from our previous work on butanol/Jet A-1 droplets (miscible blends). Abrupt explosion was facilitated in fuel droplets comprising lower proportions of ethanol (10%), possibly due to insufficient nucleation sites inside the droplet and the partially unmixed fuel mixture. For the fuel droplets containing higher proportions of ethanol (30% and 50%), micro-explosion occurred through homogeneous nucleation, leading to the ejection of secondary droplets and subsequent significant reduction in the overall droplet lifetime. The rate of bubble growth is nearly similar in all the blends of ethanol; however, the evolution of ethanol vapor bubble is significantly faster than that of a vapor bubble in the blends of butanol. The probability of disruptive behavior is considerably higher in ethanol/Jet A-1 blends than that of butanol/Jet A-1 blends. The Sauter mean diameter of the secondary droplets produced from micro-explosion is larger for blends with a higher proportion of ethanol. Both abrupt explosion and micro-explosion create a large-scale distortion of the flame, which surrounds the parent droplet. The secondary droplets generated from abrupt explosion undergo rapid evaporation whereas the secondary droplets from micro-explosion carry their individual flame and evaporate slowly. The growth of vapor bubble was also witnessed in the secondary droplets, which leads to the further breakup of the droplet (puffing/micro-explosion).

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“…Methanol is also known as wood alcohol. Presently, methanol is produced from synthetic gas or biogas and is used as a fuel for IC engines [17]. In paper [18] are presented results of combustion analysis of methanol/diesel blends based on the cylinder pressure analysis in a compression-ignition engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-combustion of biodiesel with oxygenated fuels in direct injection diesel engine

2017

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Abstract. The paper presents results of experimental investigation of cocombustion process of biodiesel (B100) blended with oxygenated fuels with 20% in volume. As the alternative fuels ware used hydrated ethanol, methanol, 1-butanol and 2-propanol. It was investigated the influence of used blends on operating parameters of the test engine and exhaust emission (NOx, CO, THC, CO2). It is observed that used blends are characterized by different impact on engine output power and its efficiency. Using biodiesel/alcohol blend it is possible to improve engine efficiency with small drop in indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP). Due to combustion characteristic of biodiesel/alcohol obtained a slightly larger specific NOx emission. It was also observed some differences in combustion phases due to various values of latent heat of evaporation of used alcohols and various oxygen contents. Test results confirmed that the combustion process occurring in the diesel engine powered by blend takes place in a shorter time than in the typical diesel engine.

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Advances in diesel–alcohol blends and their effects on the performance and emissions of diesel engines

Cited by 419 publications

References 147 publications

A Review on Spray Characteristics of Bioethanol and Its Blended Fuels in CI Engines

A Review on Spray Characteristics of Bioethanol and Its Blended Fuels in CI Engines

Experimental investigations on nucleation, bubble growth, and micro-explosion characteristics during the combustion of ethanol/Jet A-1 fuel droplets

Co-combustion of biodiesel with oxygenated fuels in direct injection diesel engine

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