Advances in exosome biomarkers for cervical cancer

Abstract

Cervical cancer (CC) ranks as the fourth most frequently diagnosed malignancy in females worldwide. Exosomes are a subclass of extracellular vesicles released by nearly all types of cells that act as cargo transport vehicles, carrying proteins, and genetic material (such as miRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and mRNAs) derived from their parent cells may affect receiving cells and thus have emerged as key players in several biological processes, including inflammatory pathways. In this review, we concentrated on the findings of exosome investigations in CC, particularly their components. They direct the actions of CC cells by inducing surface molecules associated with various biological pathways. We summarized the current knowledge of exosomal RNAs and proteins from CC cells and discussed the feasibility of exosomes as potential biomarkers for CC. We suggest that cancer-derived exosomes promote metastasis in CC by supporting EMT, controlling the proliferation, invasion, or migration of cancer cells, as well as influencing immune escape and aiding angiogenesis. Overall, cancer-derived exosomes are critical in the progression of CC, and further studies are necessary to advance our understanding of the clinical value of exosomes in CC.

Identification of an inflammatory response-related gene prognostic signature and immune microenvironment for cervical cancer

“…Because there are few validated biomarkers, we are often unable to predict treatment effects for CC. Previous studies have shown that CC biomarkers, including exosomes ( Ran et al, 2022 ), microRNAs ( Laengsri et al, 2018 ), and DNA and RNA molecules ( Volkova et al, 2021 ) are associated with CC diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis. Nevertheless, the lack of reported evidence indicates that the inflammatory response-related gene signature has not been established as a prognostic marker for CC.…”

Extracellular Vesicles as Next-Generation Diagnostics and Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products

“…The potential for differentiating between various types of cancers using exosomal biomarkers is a key area of investigation, aiming to establish panels of biomarkers for improved diagnostic accuracy [ 135 ]. Additionally, investigations into the prognostic value of exosomal biomarkers connect specific exosome profiles to disease progression and prognosis, guiding treatment strategies and informing patients about the likely course of their cancer [ 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 ]. Research efforts have expanded to explore the clinical utility of exosomal biomarkers across various cancer types, enhancing the applicability of exosome-based diagnostics [ 136 , 140 ].…”

Differences of characteristics, influencing factors, and treatment effects on the survival in patients with first and second primary cervical cancer

“…Cervical cancer (CC) ranks as the fourth most common cancer among women and is a leading cause of cancer-specific mortality among women worldwide ( Rahangdale et al, 2022 , Ran et al, 2022 ). In 2020, 604,000 new CC cases were diagnosed, and resulted in 342,000 deaths in women globally ( Poniewierza and Panek, 2022 ).…”