Advances in fetal surgery

Maselli, Kathryn M.; Badillo, Andrea

doi:10.21037/atm.2016.10.34

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Fetal diseases, which can be devastating and burdensome for afflicted children and their families, have attracted much attention in recent decades [69]. Fetal surgery has progressed and been performed as an effective method of therapy for select fetal diseases [70, 71]. Stem cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising area of research to enhance treatment for a variety of diseases [72, 73] and has been used extensively to augment existing in utero surgical techniques for fetal diseases [74, 75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxic Preconditioning Enhances Survival and Proangiogenic Capacity of Human First Trimester Chorionic Villus-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Fetal Tissue Engineering

Hao

et al. 2019

Stem Cells International

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Prenatal stem cell-based regenerative therapies have progressed substantially and have been demonstrated as effective treatment options for fetal diseases that were previously deemed untreatable. Due to immunoregulatory properties, self-renewal capacity, and multilineage potential, autologous human placental chorionic villus-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (CV-MSCs) are an attractive cell source for fetal regenerative therapies. However, as a general issue for MSC transplantation, the poor survival and engraftment is a major challenge of the application of MSCs. Particularly for the fetal transplantation of CV-MSCs in the naturally hypoxic fetal environment, improving the survival and engraftment of CV-MSCs is critically important. Hypoxic preconditioning (HP) is an effective priming approach to protect stem cells from ischemic damage. In this study, we developed an optimal HP protocol to enhance the survival and proangiogenic capacity of CV-MSCs for improving clinical outcomes in fetal applications. Total cell number, DNA quantification, nuclear area test, and cell viability test showed HP significantly protected CV-MSCs from ischemic damage. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed HP did not alter the immunophenotype of CV-MSCs. Caspase-3, MTS, and Western blot analysis showed HP significantly reduced the apoptosis of CV-MSCs under ischemic stimulus via the activation of the AKT signaling pathway that was related to cell survival. ELISA results showed HP significantly enhanced the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) by CV-MSCs under an ischemic stimulus. We also found that the environmental nutrition level was critical for the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The angiogenesis assay results showed HP-primed CV-MSCs could significantly enhance endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Consequently, HP is a promising strategy to increase the tolerance of CV-MSCs to ischemia and improve their therapeutic efficacy in fetal clinical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxic Preconditioning Enhances Survival and Proangiogenic Capacity of Human First Trimester Chorionic Villus-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Fetal Tissue Engineering

Hao

et al. 2019

Stem Cells International

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“…Recent advances in fetal surgery including open fetal and fetoscopic surgery may make such outcomes possible in the future. 31…”

Section: Case Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome and Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Secondary to a Massive, Right-Sided Immature Cervical Teratoma

et al. 2019

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Cervical teratomas are a rare form of fetal teratoma that can grow to massive size. Generally, these masses can be surgically excised after birth with excellent physical and functional prognosis because the benign variants respect anatomical borders. The primary complications of these masses are associated with compromise of the trachea and esophagus: upper airway obstruction and polyhydramnios. We report the first documented occurrence of superior vena cava syndrome and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy associated with a massive, right-sided cervical teratoma. This case highlights that when cervical teratomas are right-sided and sufficiently large, they can extend inferiorly and compromise central venous return to the heart. This unique presentation would likely have required fetal surgical excision to avoid catastrophic cerebral injury.

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“…Entretanto, com o passar dos anos, houve mudança importante nesse panorama devido ao grande avanço em tecnologias diagnósticas, especialmente dos exames de imagem a partir dos anos 1970 e 1980, o que permitiu maior conhecimento e entendimento das patologias fetais 2 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Cirurgia fetal no contexto atual

Rocha

Filho

Bunduki

et al. 2018

Rev. Med. (São Paulo)

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RESUMO:A cirurgia fetal é, hoje, uma realidade em grandes centros especializados na área da medicina fetal. Surgiu por volta da década de 1960, inicialmente atrelada à necessidade de melhor conhecer e entender as patologias fetais, e teve desenvolvimento exponencial impulsionado pelo aprimoramento das técnicas diagnósticas pré-natais. Foi aos poucos se consolidando e tornando-se o tratamento de escolha para algumas patologias específicas, mudando definitivamente o curso dessas doenças. Nesse estudo, encontra-se um breve histórico das cirurgias fetais mais comumente realizadas em todo o mundo, como elas surgiram e como foram evoluindo com o passar do tempo, os principais estudos que as validaram e a técnica cirúrgica mais amplamente utilizada em cada caso. Entre as principais cirurgias, são citadas a fotocoagulação a laser de anastomoses placentárias na síndrome de transfusão feto-fetal, a correção intrauterina a céu aberto da mielomeningocele fetal e a oclusão endotraqueal fetal por balão nos casos de hérnia diafragmática congênita. Também são abordados cirurgias e procedimentos cujos benefícios são menos evidentes e os resultados ainda um tanto controversos, como as intervenções urinárias nos casos de obstrução ao trato urinário inferior, procedimentos cardíacos em casos de estenose aórtica crítica, derivações tóracoamnióticas para tratamento de derrames pleurais compressivos, além de ressecções intrauterinas de teratomas sacrococcígeos e de massas pulmonares. Também é feita uma avaliação a respeito do futuro da cirurgia fetal.Descritores: Feto/cirurgia; Fetoscopia. ABSTRACT:Fetal surgery is now a reality in large centers that specialize in the field of fetal medicine. Fetal surgery emerged in the 1960s, primarily from the need to better identify and understand fetal pathologies, and its exponential development was driven by improvements in prenatal diagnostic techniques. Fetal surgery gradually became the main treatment for specific fetal pathologies, changing the course of these diseases. This study summarizes the history of the fetal surgeries that are most commonly performed worldwide, how they started and how they evolved over time, the main validation trials and the most widely used surgical technique in each case. The main surgeries include laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, in utero repair of fetal myelomeningocele and fetal endotracheal occlusion in cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Other surgeries and procedures, whose benefits are less clear and whose results are still somewhat controversial, such as urinary interventions in cases of lower urinary tract obstruction, cardiac procedures in cases of critical aortic stenosis, thoracoamniotic shunts for the treatment of massive pleural effusions and intrauterine resection of sacrococcygeal teratomas and pulmonary masses, are also cited. The future of fetal surgery is also assessed.

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Advances in fetal surgery

Cited by 34 publications

References 41 publications

Hypoxic Preconditioning Enhances Survival and Proangiogenic Capacity of Human First Trimester Chorionic Villus-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Fetal Tissue Engineering

Hypoxic Preconditioning Enhances Survival and Proangiogenic Capacity of Human First Trimester Chorionic Villus-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Fetal Tissue Engineering

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome and Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Secondary to a Massive, Right-Sided Immature Cervical Teratoma

Cirurgia fetal no contexto atual

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