Advances in flexible sensors for intelligent perception system enhanced by artificial intelligence

Abstract

Intelligent perception means that with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI)‐motivated brain, flexible sensors achieve the ability of memory, learning, judgment, and reasoning about external information like the human brain. Due to the superiority of machine learning (ML) algorithms in data processing and intelligent recognition, intelligent perception systems possess the ability to match or even surpass human perception systems. However, the built‐in flexible sensors in these systems need to work on dynamic and irregular surfaces, inevitably affecting the precision and fidelity of the acquired data. In recent years, the strategy of introducing the developed functional materials and innovative structures into flexible sensors has made some progress toward the above challenges, and with the blessing of ML algorithms, accurate perception and reasoning in various scenarios have been achieved. Here, the most representative functional materials and innovative structures for constructing flexible sensors are comprehensively reviewed, the research progress of intelligent perception systems based on flexible sensors and ML algorithms is further summarized, and the intersection of the two is expected to unlock new opportunities for next‐stage AI development.

Investigation of 2D-Ti3C2TX-Loaded PVDF Composites for a High-Performance Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvester and Wearable Sensor

“…The output power density increased linearly with the frequency and compressive load. The 4 wt % composite prototype device showed a maximum output power density of 56.9 μW/cm 3 under 50N compressive load and 5 Hz frequency conditions in comparison to that of the pure PVDF prototype device having 5.6 μW/cm 3 Energy-Harvesting Performance by the Human Finger-Tapping Motion. In order to evaluate the energyharvesting performance of the device under real conditions, i.e., human finger-tapping motion, the piezoelectric response measurement was carried out under open-circuit loop conditions for PVDF and PVDF+ ϕ wt % Ti 3 C 2 T x polymer composite prototype devices, as shown in Figure 13(a−f).…”

“…With the growing demand for portable electronic devices in the area of wireless sensor networks, , artificial intelligence, , human–machine interface, , smart homes, Internet of Things, etc., the manufacture and utilization of these devices are increasing tremendously. The advancement of wearable/wireless technologies has been significantly challenged by the growing demands for power with the growing population. , Traditional batteries are used to extract their performances; however, these batteries comprise harmful and toxic components, which are harmful to human health, and their disposal after usage creates hazards for the environment .…”

“…With the growing demand for portable electronic devices in the area of wireless sensor networks, 1,2 artificial intelligence, 3,4 human−machine interface, 5,6 smart homes, 7 Internet of Things, 8 etc., the manufacture and utilization of these devices are increasing tremendously. The advancement of wearable/ wireless technologies has been significantly challenged by the growing demands for power with the growing population.…”

AI in Sensor Research: A Reality Check and the Underestimated Potential of ChatGPT

“…However, we should keep in mind that transitioning from classical heuristics to AI-based models requires careful consideration of the specific aspects of research that can benefit from AI’s pattern recognition capabilities while retaining the strengths of traditional methods. , It is crucial to recognize that AI is not a panacea but rather a complementary tool that can enhance data analysis and model creation.…”

Performance Optimization of Ionic Polymer Sensors through Characteristic Regulation of Chemically Prepared Interfacial Electrodes

“…With the rapid development of wearable electronic devices as well as materials science, flexible sensors with the characteristics of light weight, stretchability, and great compliance have generated widespread research interest, having broad application prospects in health monitoring, environmental perception, human–computer interaction, and other fields. − In terms of the sensing mechanism, the existing flexible sensors can be divided into resistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, triboelectric, and ionic sensors. − Compared with other sensing mechanisms, ionic sensors achieve signal transmission through the directional migration of ions, which is closer to the biological sensing mode. , Therefore, ionic sensors have great potential for application in the field of bionics.…”