Advances in Functionalized Applications of Graphene‐Based Wearable Sensors in Healthcare

Abstract

Graphene has earned significant attention in the present world due to its light weight and extremely good conductive properties, which are used in different functional materials and smart devices. With skyrocketing demand, wearable sensors are evolving with many essential functionalities and flexibility in use. Moreover, wearable sensors can show some marvelous activities easily when they are incorporated with different nanomaterials and two‐dimensional (2D) materials. Therefore, after the immense effort and diligence of scientists over the years, wearable sensors can successfully exhibit numerous potential applications, such as motion detection, artificial intelligence, prosthetic skin, intelligent robotics, and human‐machine interface and interaction. With the rapid development of flexible, perceptible electrical devices, graphene‐based wearable sensors play an eminent role in healthcare. In this work, a comprehensive overview of recent research on wearable sensors and integrated systems for various sections of healthcare is demonstrated. Along with discussing the basic properties of graphene and the fabrication methods for graphene‐based wearable sensors, this work can help the scientists address them and set a projection for future studies. Wearable graphene‐based sensors have great potential to make healthcare facilities more accessible and enhance the quality of sensing activities, which has enormous implications for the future of healthcare.

Challenges for Field-Effect-Transistor-Based Graphene Biosensors

“…Composite materials can be expected to acquire new properties, and their specific surface area can be further increased by three-dimensionalization, similarly to metal-organic frameworks [71]; however, this results in the loss of the inherent two-dimensional structure of graphene and reduced carrier mobility. Furthermore, the formats of sensors range from simple single-layer graphene on a chip to flexible and wearable sensor arrays that take advantage of graphene's flexibility [72][73][74][75].…”