Advances in Heart Valve Surgery

Aazami, Mathias H.; Schäfers, Hans‐Joachim

doi:10.1046/j.1540-8183.2003.01053.x

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Severe valvular pathologies are usually addressed surgically by repairing or replacing the affected valve using an artificial valve substitute [1,52]. Almost 300,000 heart valve operations are performed worldwide annually [55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological heart valves

Ciubotaru¹,

Cebotari

Tudorache

et al. 2013

Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering

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Cardiac valvular pathologies are often caused by rheumatic fever in young adults, atherosclerosis in elderly patients, or by congenital malformation of the heart in children, in effect affecting almost all population ages. Almost 300,000 heart valve operations are performed worldwide annually. Tissue valve prostheses have certain advantages over mechanical valves such as biocompatibility, more physiological hemodynamics, and no need for life-long systemic anticoagulation. However, the major disadvantage of biological valves is related to their durability. Nevertheless, during the last decade, the number of patients undergoing biological, rather than mechanical, valve replacement has increased from half to more than three-quarters for biological implants. Continuous improvement in valve fabrication includes development of new models and shapes, novel methods of tissue treatment, and preservation and implantation techniques. These efforts are focused not only on the improvement of morbidity and mortality of the patients but also on the improvement of their quality of life. Heart valve tissue engineering aims to provide durable, "autologous" valve prostheses. These valves demonstrate adaptive growth, which may avoid the need of repeated operations in growing patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological heart valves

Ciubotaru¹,

Cebotari

Tudorache

et al. 2013

Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering

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“…12 Severe mitral valve dysfunction requires surgical treatment. 1 If the valve is too damaged to permit repair, it must be replaced with an artificial valve. A wide variety of the artificial valves have been devised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A wide variety of the artificial valves have been devised. 1 The performance of these valves is evaluated in engineering terms, i.e., the noise level, 26 energy loss, 6,33 and regurgitation, 17 as well as biologically, i.e., hemolysis and the thrombogenicity of the valve itself. 9,23 These factors are linked mainly to the fluid dynamics near the valve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Opening Mode of the Mitral Valve Orifice on Intraventricular Hemodynamics

2006

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We analyzed intraventricular blood flow numerically to study the influence of the mode of mitral valve opening on the flow field in the left ventricle. Four different types of opening mode were examined: gradually axisymmetric, gradually anteroposterior (anatomical), gradually bilateral (anti-anatomical), or instantaneous opening and closing. In these models, the shape of the valve orifice was the same when the mitral valve was opened fully. The results demonstrated that the framework of the velocity profile of transmitral flow was built during the phase of mitral valve opening, which was characterized by the mode of valve opening. After the mitral valve opened completely, the transmitral velocity profile developed while maintaining its topological features. Consequently, each mode of mitral valve opening had its own pattern of intraventricular flow, although mitral valve opening accounted for less than 4% of a cardiac cycle. Particle tracking in the resulting flow field revealed that ventricular ejection was more efficient in the anteroposterior and axisymmetric opening modes. These results addressed the importance of the mode of mitral valve opening in intraventricular flow dynamics.

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“…Aortic valve (AV) reparative surgery techniques aim at restoring valve function by preserving the original anatomical structures as much as possible (1––3). The advantages of valve repair with respect to valve replacement are well acknowledged, but the complexity of the procedures and the lack of standardization have hindered the spread of the reparative approach (4––8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%