Advances in Improving Adaptation of Common Bean and Brachiaria Forage Grasses to Abiotic Stresses in the Tropics

Rao, Idupulapati M.

doi:10.1201/b16675-49

Cited by 55 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 209 publications

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“…Thus, a vigorous and deeper root system, with rapid growth rate is useful but not enough to have resistance to drought in common bean. Our results indicate that for water spender type of genotypes, a strategic combination of root and shoot traits such as deep root system combined with the ability to remobilize photosynthates from vegetative structures to the pods and subsequently to grain production could contribute to superior performance under intermittent drought stress (Beebe et al 2014;Rao 2014). It also appears that for water saving genotypes, with a combination of development of fine root system with high water use efficiency mechanisms at leaf level will contribute to improved adaptation to prolonged or terminal drought stress (Polania et al 2016a).…”

Section: Relationship Between Root Vigor and Shoot Traits Including Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keeping this in mind, some rapid and cost effective methodology has been used to carry out root phenotypic evaluations, such as small soil cylinders under greenhouse conditions, which allow to evaluate several root traits under different types of abiotic stress (Polania et al 2009;Butare et al 2011Butare et al ,2012. Phenotypic evaluations of root traits in common bean under drought stress have shown the importance of different rooting patterns, including deep rooting which allows access to water from deeper soil layers (Sponchiado et al 1989;White and Castillo 1992;Lynch and Ho 2005;Polania et al 2009Polania et al , 2012Beebe et al 2013Beebe et al , 2014Rao 2014;Burridge et al 2016). Different ideotypes of root system have been proposed for better crop adaptation to individual and combined abiotic stress conditions (Yang et al 2013;Rao et al 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Root traits and their potential links to plant ideotypes to improve drought resistance in common bean

Polanía

Poschenrieder

Rao

et al. 2017

Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol.

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Drought stress limits growth and yield of crops, particularly under smallholder production systems with minimal use of inputs and edaphic limitations such as nitrogen (N) deficiency. The development of genotypes adapted to these conditions through genetic improvement is an important strategy to address this limitation. The identification of morpho-physiological traits associated with drought resistance contributes to increasing the efficiency of breeding programs. A set of 36 bean genotypes belonging to the Middle American gene pool was evaluated. A greenhouse study using soil cylinders was conducted to determine root vigor traits (total root length and fine root production) under drought stress.Two field trials were conducted to determinate grain yield, symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) ability and other shoot traits under drought stress. Field data on grain yield and other shoot traits measured under drought were related with the greenhouse data on root traits under drought conditions to test the relationships between shoot traits and root traits. Response of root vigor to drought stress appeared to be related with ideotypes of water use (water savers and water spenders). The water spender ideotypes presented deeper root system, while the water saver ideotypes showed a relatively shallower root system. Increase in SNF ability under drought stress was associated with greater values of mean root diameter while greater acquisition of N from soil was associated with finer root system. We identified seven common bean lines (SEA 15, NCB 280, SCR 16, SMC 141, BFS 29, BFS 67 and SER 119) that showed greater root vigor under drought stress in the greenhouse and higher values of grain yield under drought stress in the field. These lines could serve as parents for improving drought resistance in common bean.

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Section: Relationship Between Root Vigor and Shoot Traits Including Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root traits and their potential links to plant ideotypes to improve drought resistance in common bean

Polanía

Poschenrieder

Rao

et al. 2017

Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol.

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“…In addition to these physiological responses and associated differences in plasticity, related mechanistic components such as exuded counter-ions for charge balance and tissue levels of carboxylates were investigated at weekly intervals for 3 weeks. Finally, as responses in leaf and root growth of Brachiaria grasses might differ at low P supply (Rao et al 1996;LouwGaume et al 2010aLouwGaume et al , 2010b, we also examined these morphological responses in order to obtain a whole-plant perspective that might contribute to understanding diversity in plant attributes for tolerance to low-P acid soils that exists in Brachiaria germplasm (Rao et al 1998;Miles et al 2004;Rao 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal differences in plant growth and root exudation of two Brachiaria grasses in response to low phosphorus supply

Louw-Gaume

Rao

Gaume

et al. 2017

Trop. Grassl.-Forrajes Trop.

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Temporal differences in plant growth and root exudation of two Brachiaria grasses in response to low phosphorus supply AbstractExploiting the natural variability of Brachiaria forage germplasm to identify forage grasses adapted to infertile acid soils that contain very low available phosphorus (P) is an important research objective for improving livestock production in the tropics. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in the release of root biochemical markers, i.e. carboxylates and acid phosphatases (APases), during the development of P deficiency in signalgrass and ruzigrass. We used the hydroxyapatite pouch system in hydroponics to simulate conditions of low P supply in acid soils to test the response of well-adapted signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, CIAT 606) and less-adapted ruzigrass (B. ruziziensis cv. Kennedy, CIAT 654). We monitored shoot and root growth and other physiological and biochemical components that are important for root functionality at weekly intervals for 3 weeks. We found that monocarboxylate exudation was not associated with the plant's physiological P status, while exudation of oxalate and secreted-APases increased with declining plant P concentrations in both grasses. Ruzigrass showed higher exudation rates and grew faster than signalgrass, but could not maintain its initial fast growth rate when P concentrations in plant tissue declined to 1.0 mg P/g dry matter. Oxalate was the dominant exuded carboxylate for signalgrass after 21 days of growth and this response might confer some eco-physiological advantages in signalgrass when grown in low-P acid soils.Keywords: Acid phosphatases, leaf expansion, oxalate, phosphate uptake and use, root elongation. ResumenEl aprovechamiento de la variabilidad natural en germoplasma del género Brachiaria para identificar variedades forrajeras adaptadas a suelos ácidos de baja fertilidad y bajo contenido de fósforo (P) disponible, es un objetivo de investigación importante con el fin de mejorar la producción ganadera en áreas tropicales. En el estudio se evaluaron las diferencias en la exudación de carboxilatos y fosfatasas ácidas como marcadores bioquímicos radiculares durante el desarrollo de deficiencia de P en 2 especies de Brachiaria. Para el efecto, se utilizó el sistema hidropónico de bolsas con hidroxiapatita para simular condiciones de baja disponibilidad de P en suelos ácidos, con el fin de identificar diferencias entre una gramínea adaptada (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, CIAT 606) y otra menos adaptada (B. ruziziensis cv. Kennedy, CIAT 654). Monitoreamos el crecimiento de las partes aéreas y las raíces de las plantas, así como algunos componentes fisiológicos y bioquímicos importantes para la funcionalidad de las raíces, cada semana en un período de 3 semanas. Los resultados mostraron que la exudación de monocarboxilatos no estaba asociada con el estado fisiológico de P de la planta, mientras que la exudación de oxalato y fosfatasas ácidas aumentó con la disminución de las concentraciones de P en amb...

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“…Despite this broad separation of water and C economy into 2 functional types, species may respond with a combination of structural and physiological traits of either short-or long-term-adaptive value (Baruch and Fisher 1991;Pang et al 2011;Rao 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival strategies of Centrosema molle and C. macrocarpum in response to drought

Guenni

Romero

Guedez

et al. 2016

Trop. Grassl.-Forrajes Trop.

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Advances in Improving Adaptation of Common Bean and Brachiaria Forage Grasses to Abiotic Stresses in the Tropics

Cited by 55 publications

References 209 publications

Root traits and their potential links to plant ideotypes to improve drought resistance in common bean

Root traits and their potential links to plant ideotypes to improve drought resistance in common bean

Temporal differences in plant growth and root exudation of two Brachiaria grasses in response to low phosphorus supply

Survival strategies of Centrosema molle and C. macrocarpum in response to drought

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