Advances in Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management and Numerical Simulation

Wang, Yan; Gao, Qing; Zhang, Tianshi; Wang, Guohua; Jiang, Zhipeng; Li, Yunxia

doi:10.3390/en10101636

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 188 publications

(201 reference statements)

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“…There is convective heat transfer between the side and the outside environment, and the coefficient of natural convective heat transfer is generally 5 to 10 W/(m 2 ÁK). 34 The convective heat transfer coefficient is 8 W/(m 2 ÁK).…”

Section: Heat Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous aging of large‐scale flexible lithium‐ion batteries based on micro‐heterostructures and simulation

et al. 2020

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To meet application demands of electric vehicles, cathode materials of batteries have to overcome the life limitation and performance attenuation caused by crack propagation on the surface of electrode particles. With the increase of size and power of batteries, the voltage gradient generated by metal foil current collectors with high conductivity cannot be neglected. This study reconstructed a porous microstructure based on images of surface morphologies of lithium manganese oxide particles collected by a field emission-scanning electron microscope. Based on this, a multi-scale and multi-physics simulation model coupling electrochemo-thermo-mechanical behaviours was developed to predict heterogeneous mechanical stress and capacity loss of a large-scale flexible lithium-ion battery. The results arising from use of the model show that: (1) Lithium in electrode particles cannot be diffused in time under a high-charge and discharge rate, and the capacity loss of the battery is directly proportional to the stress generated on the electrode particles. Capacity loss at discharge rate of 10C is 46% higher than that at the rate of 1C and corresponding stress in the microstructure increases by 16%. (2) In the design of the battery layout adopted in this study, utilization rates of electrodes and temperature fields are highly heterogeneous at the higher rate. Mechanical stress near the tab is 8% higher than that at the bottom edge, and it is speculated that the rate of aging of the tab is 35% higher. (3) Mechanical stress during lithium extraction in the cathode during charge is less than half of that during discharge. Attributed to small influences of material activity and excellent performance of lithium titanate oxide in the anode, capacity loss during charge is only 2%. (4) During discharge, stress in the contact region of between particles is the largest, resulting in the decrease of the activity and the low lithium-ion concentration. This leads to cracks during cyclic charging and discharging, which further decreases the activity of the materials. (5) Heterogeneity in the distribution of lithium-ion concentration with different sizes of particles significantly rises with the rate. The model built in this research couples the analysis of temperature field of a battery cell and stress field of the microstructure, which is conducive to understanding mechanisms underlying performance attenuation of the large-scale flexible lithium-ion battery under high-rate use.

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Section: Heat Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous aging of large‐scale flexible lithium‐ion batteries based on micro‐heterostructures and simulation

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to the conventional power transmission control, the battery pre‐charge communication, power up and down of the whole vehicle, and so on are inseparable from the coordination of various controllers. Up to present, the team has explored the battery modeling and its application in battery thermal management, and the communication and control between the heat pump system and BTMS by BMS and VCU . On the basis of conventional battery modeling, the SEI decomposition in superheated state was considered, and the battery model from normal to overheated under adiabatic condition was established.…”

Section: Randd Of Bms Functionality and Integration In Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on battery management system from the modeling efforts to its multiapplication and integration

2019

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Summary Progress in battery technology accelerates the transition of battery management system (BMS) from a mere monitoring unit to a multifunction integrated one. It is necessary to establish a battery model for the implementation of BMS's effective control. With more comprehensive and faster battery model, it would be accurate and effective to reflect the behavior of the battery level to the vehicle. On this basis, to ensure battery safety, power, and durability, some key technologies based on the model are advanced, such as battery state estimation, energy equalization, thermal management, and fault diagnosis. Besides, the communication of interactions between BMS and vehicle controllers, motor controllers, etc is an essential consideration for optimizing driving and improving vehicle performance. As concluded, a synergistic and collaborative BMS is the foundation for green‐energy vehicles to be intelligent, electric, networked, and shared. Thus, this paper reviews the research and development (R&D) of multiphysics model simulation and multifunction integrated BMS technology. In addition, summary of the relevant research and state‐of‐the‐art technology is dedicated to improving the synergy and coordination of BMS and to promote the innovation and optimization of new energy vehicle technology.

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“…(1) How to select the reasonable control scheme and control strategy of engine cooling system to improve the temperature control stability of components and the system dynamic responsiveness [30]. (2) How to optimize the structural arrangement in underhood to restrain the harmful thermal interaction of multiple heat exchangers and improve the radiator thermal efficiency [31]. (3) How to evaluate the engine cooling performance effectively to strengthen the matching degree between components and increase the energy efficiency of thermal management system [32].…”

Section: Research Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Energies

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The nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) controller is designed for an engine cooling system and aims to control the pump speed and fan speed according to the thermal load, vehicle speed, and ambient temperature in real time with respect to the coolant temperature and comprehensive energy consumption of the system, which serve as the targets. The system control model is connected to the underhood computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model by the coupling thermal transmission equation. For the intricate thermal management process predictive control and system control performance analysis, a coupling multi-thermodynamic system nonlinear model for integrated vehicle thermal management was established. The concept of coupling factor was proposed to provide the boundary conditions considering the thermal transmission interaction of multiple heat exchangers for the radiator module. Using the coupling factor, the thermal flow influence of the structural characteristics in the engine compartment was described with the lumped parameter method, thereby simplifying the space geometric feature numerical calculation. In this way, the coupling between the multiple thermodynamic systems mathematical model and multidimensional nonlinear CFD model was realized, thereby achieving the simulation and analysis of the integrated thermal management multilevel cooperative control process based on the underhood structure design. The research results indicated an excellent capability of the method for integrated control analysis, which contributed to solving the design, analysis, and optimization problems for vehicle thermal management. Compared to the traditional engine cooling mode, the NMPC thermal management scheme clearly behaved the better temperature controlling effects and the lower system energy consumption. The controller could further improve efficiency with reasonable coordination of the convective thermal transfer intensity between the liquid and air sides. In addition, the thermal transfer structures in the engine compartment could also be optimized.

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Advances in Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management and Numerical Simulation

Cited by 50 publications

References 188 publications

Heterogeneous aging of large‐scale flexible lithium‐ion batteries based on micro‐heterostructures and simulation

Heterogeneous aging of large‐scale flexible lithium‐ion batteries based on micro‐heterostructures and simulation

A review on battery management system from the modeling efforts to its multiapplication and integration

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

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