Advances in Lipid-Based Pulmonary Nanomedicine for The Management of Inflammatory Lung Disorders

Abstract

Inflammatory lung disorders have become one of the fastest growing global healthcare concerns, with more than 500 million annual cases of disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and pulmonary fibrosis. Owing to environmental changes and socioeconomic disparity, the numbers are expected to grow even more in years to come. The therapeutic strategies and approved drugs currently employed in the management of inflammatory lung disorders show dose-dependent resistance and pharmacokinetic limitations. This review comprehensively discusses lipid-based pulmonary nanomedicine as a potential platform to overcome these barriers while ensuring site-specific drug delivery and minimal side effects in nontargeted tissues for the management of noninfectious inflammatory lung disorders.

A novel therapeutic outlook: Classification, applications and challenges of inhalable micron/nanoparticle drug delivery systems in lung cancer (Review)

“…The efficacy of drugs largely depends on the size, lipophilicity and surface modifications of nanoparticles. To ensure that nanoparticles are not cleared by respiratory airflow, mucus or alveolar macrophages, it is essential to control the surface cationic charge and achieve a lung residence time by constructing nanoparticles with a calculated logP<0 and a size range 100-150 nm, which represents an optimal choice for pulmonary delivery (21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Currently, various inhalable formulations have been developed, including drug nanoparticles, nanocarrier delivery systems, and antibody-drug conjugate systems incorporating nanoparticles.…”

Inhalable Formulations to Treat Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Recent Therapies and Developments

“…A particle with a log P > 0 is more lipophilic, therefore has a higher efficacy for the lipid membrane present in the lungs and is envisaged to be rapidly absorbed. This limits the drug exposure to the tumor; therefore, it is vital that the drug be hydrophilic with a log P < 0 [ 28 ]. This can be achieved by modifying formulations and by using salt formulations of drugs [ 29 ].…”

“…Proteins, peptides, or antibodies can be added onto nanoparticles to improve specific binding with cancer cells via receptor proteins. In this way an internalization, and localization of the particles to the tumors can be achieved, and a lower dose formulation can be made [ 28 ].…”

In vitro bio-characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles of favipiravir in A549 human lung epithelial cancer cells

“… 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 In particular, SLNp formulations have been used in many studies and have exhibited good performance in overcoming drug limitations. 16 , 17 …”

“… 18 Furthermore, the FDA has approved the use of biodegradable lipid polymers as nanocarriers to increase the solubility and stability of medication, and decrease high drug loading and preparation costs. 17 , 19 , 20 The bioavailability and cellular absorption of some poorly water-soluble drugs can be improved through formulation with SLNp nanocarriers. 21 , 22 For example, Favipiravir (Fav) has been fabricated with solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) 19 and has been found to be a promising method for targeted inhalation delivery.…”