Advances in lymphatic imaging and drug delivery

Nune, Satish K.; Gunda, Padmaja; Majeti, Bharat K.; Thallapally, Praveen K.; Forrest, M. Laird

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2011.05.020

Cited by 68 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…4Bd). After conventional routes of administration, drugs cannot easily access the lymphatic system, and hence the ability of most therapeutic agents to reach the lymphatic tissues is limited (Nune et al 2011). Physicochemical characteristics, such as the molecular weight, charge, hydrophobic character, form and specific weight, are factors that potentially influence the efficiency of drug delivery (Rao et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of Molecules to the Lymph Node via Lymphatic Vessels Using Ultrasound and Nano/Microbubbles

Kato¹,

Shirai²,

Kanzaki³

et al. 2015

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of Molecules to the Lymph Node via Lymphatic Vessels Using Ultrasound and Nano/Microbubbles

Kato¹,

Shirai²,

Kanzaki³

et al. 2015

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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“…Fourth, NIR fluorescence imaging does not require exposure to radiation, and has high resolution and sensitivity compared with those of radiotracers and dye absorption [27]. In addition, in vivo fluorescent imaging systems are cheaper than the instruments required by traditional techniques like computed tomography and MR imaging systems.…”

Section: The Advantages Of Nir Qds For Sln Mapping Over Traditional Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping through In Vivo Fluorescent Imaging

Chu¹

2017

Semiconductor Quantum Dots and Rods for in Vivo Imaging and Cancer Phototherapy

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Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are nanocrystals that are just several nanometers in size, and therefore exhibit marked quantum size effects. Compared with organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, QDs possess interesting optical properties, including broad absorption, sharp size-tunable emission, high quantum yield and strong resistance to photobleaching. Since QDs were used as fluorescent nanoprobes for cell labeling and imaging in 1998, these fluorescent nanomaterials have been widely studied for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications. In vivo imaging using near-infrared (NIR) QDs shows potential for use in cancer diagnosis. Nanoparticles, including QDs, usually quickly accumulate in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by passive targeting after being injected intramuscularly into a body. Therefore, using QD fluorescence for SLN mapping may be a convenient technique compared with other in vivo imaging applications such as tumor target imaging. Importantly, axillary SLNs containing NIR QDs can be imaged directly through deep tissue without surgical management, because the NIR fluorescence of such QDs can penetrate through tissue. In addition, the NIR fluorescence from the QDs in the SLNs can be observed for several hours or even longer. These advantages are benefit for SLN mapping. In this chapter, the optical properties of QDs and their use in animal SLN mapping are described. Future perspectives including the feasibility of clinical translation are also discussed. Semiconductor Quantum Dots and Rods for In Vivo Imaging and Cancer Phototherapy IntroductionSemiconductor QDs, also called semiconductor metalloid-crystal nanostructures, are small nanoparticles that are usually spherical in shape, possess bulk-like crystalline structures and contain around 200-10,000 atoms. The size of QDs ranges from 1 to 10 nm, which is close to or smaller than the dimensions of the exciton Bohr radius. The most commonly used QDs in biomedical research are cadmium (Cd)-based, especially cadmium selenide (CdSe) and cadmium telluride (CdTe). The band gap, which is the energy difference between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band, of Cd-based QDs is located between 1.7 and 3.5 eV [1]. As a result, they emit bright visible (blue, green, yellow, or red) and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence from a low energy band. For example, the fluorescent emission spectrum of CdSe QDs can extend to ~700 nm, and that of CdTe QDs can extend to ~800 nm [2,3]. CdSe and CdTe QDs are easy to synthesize in aqueous solution, and the products obtained are water-soluble. They typically display fluorescence with a narrow full width at half-maximum (FWHM), short lifetime and high quantum yield. These features have facilitated the use of CdSe and CdTe QDs as well as those coated with an inorganic shell of zinc sulfide (ZnS) or silica in both in vitro and in vivo fluorescent imaging for biomedical detection. However, Cd is a probable carcinogen, and has a long biological halflife in the body [4]. Therefore, Cd-free QDs have also attracte...

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“…They documented uptake in several groups of lymph nodes and recommended new radical resection guidelines based on their findings [30]. Development and testing of additional lymphatic imaging technologies and their adaptation to pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients may make pre-operative identification of lymph node metastases a reality in the future [337–339]. …”

Section: Clinical Imaging Techniques To Detect Pancreatic Cancer Lympmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lymphatic system and pancreatic cancer

2016

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This review summarizes current knowledge of the biology, pathology and clinical understanding of lymphatic invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. We discuss the clinical and biological consequences of lymphatic invasion and metastasis, including paraneoplastic effects on immune responses and consider the possible benefit of therapies to treat tumors that are localized to lymphatics. A review of current techniques and methods to study interactions between tumors and lymphatics is presented.

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Advances in lymphatic imaging and drug delivery

Cited by 68 publications

References 83 publications

Delivery of Molecules to the Lymph Node via Lymphatic Vessels Using Ultrasound and Nano/Microbubbles

Delivery of Molecules to the Lymph Node via Lymphatic Vessels Using Ultrasound and Nano/Microbubbles

Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping through In Vivo Fluorescent Imaging

The lymphatic system and pancreatic cancer

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