Advances in mesoscale thermal management technologies for microelectronics

Garimella, Suresh V.

doi:10.1016/j.mejo.2005.07.017

Cited by 169 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…While some reviews have covered a range of topics such as the comparison of different approaches for high-heat-flux cooling [6,7] and the evolution of high-flux heat transfer approaches [8,9], others have focused on specific topics such as flow instabilities, flow patterns, CHF [2,[10][11][12][13][14], and pressure drop in small tubes and channels [1]. Heat transfer during flow boiling in microchannels has been reviewed [3,[15][16][17], and the applicability of existing correlations assessed [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Comparative Analysis of Studies on Saturated Flow Boiling in Small Channels

Bertsch¹,

Groll²,

Garimella³

2008

Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering

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115

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Recent studies relating to saturated flow boiling in minichannels and microchannels are reviewed, with a focus on the functional dependence of the heat transfer characteristics on thermodynamic vapor quality. While there is general agreement in the literature that the heat transfer coefficient increases with increases in heat flux, conflicting trends have been reported on the influence of vapor quality. A compilation and analysis of the results from recent investigations in the literature on flow boiling in small channels is presented.Further, correlations for flow boiling proposed in these studies are quantitatively assessed by comparing them against ten independent data sets from the published literature covering a range of hydraulic diameters from 0.16 to 2.01 mm. Recommended topics for future research in this field are also identified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Comparative Analysis of Studies on Saturated Flow Boiling in Small Channels

Bertsch¹,

Groll²,

Garimella³

2008

Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering

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115

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“…DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.174501 PACS numbers: 47.61.Àk Liquid transport in micro-or nanochannels is of great importance in many applications, including biomolecule separation, energy conversion, and thermal management [1][2][3][4]. Mechanical, electrokinetic, and acoustic approaches can be used to drive the fluid through the channel [4][5][6][7][8].The fluid can also be circulated by heterogeneous forces caused by a surface tension, chemical, or temperature gradient [1,[9][10][11]. However, in certain applications, these gradients can be symmetric and the total net force on the fluid vanishes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid transport in micro-or nanochannels is of great importance in many applications, including biomolecule separation, energy conversion, and thermal management [1][2][3][4]. Mechanical, electrokinetic, and acoustic approaches can be used to drive the fluid through the channel [4][5][6][7][8].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Composite Nanochannels as Nanopumps Driven by Symmetric Temperature Gradients

Liu

2010

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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In this Letter, we propose a composite nanochannel system, where half of the channel is of low surface energy, while the other half has a relatively high surface energy. Molecular dynamics simulations show that fluids in such channels can be continuously driven by a symmetric temperature gradient. In the low surface energy part, the fluid moves from high to low temperature, while the fluid migrates from low to high temperature in the high surface energy part. The mechanisms that govern the flow are explained and the conditions required to guarantee the flow and the possible applications are discussed. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.174501 PACS numbers: 47.61.Àk Liquid transport in micro-or nanochannels is of great importance in many applications, including biomolecule separation, energy conversion, and thermal management [1][2][3][4]. Mechanical, electrokinetic, and acoustic approaches can be used to drive the fluid through the channel [4][5][6][7][8].The fluid can also be circulated by heterogeneous forces caused by a surface tension, chemical, or temperature gradient [1,[9][10][11]. However, in certain applications, these gradients can be symmetric and the total net force on the fluid vanishes. In this case, the fluid cannot be constantly transported without external forces. Inspired by our recent work on the flow regimes in nanochannels [12], here we propose a composite nanochannel system, where half of the channel has low and the other half has relatively high surface energy, as will be explained later. Through molecular dynamics simulations, it is shown that liquids in such channels can be continuously pumped by a symmetric temperature gradient along the channel. One advantage of this system is the application for chip-level cooling, where the heat generated in the chip can be used to drive the liquid without using external pumps, which consume energy, occupy space, and therefore conflict with the miniaturization objectives of next generation electronic devices.The composite nanochannel system is illustrated in Fig. 1. The channel is formed by two parallel walls. A liquid (green particles), which is in connection with two reservoirs, is confined by the walls. For the convenience of numerical simulation, the same structure and potential are used for the walls. The composite channel is defined in terms of the surface energy or fluid-wall interaction, which is heterogeneous and realized by controlling the fluid-wall binding energy " fw . The binding energy between the fluid and left half of the wall (orange) " fwðLÞ is weak (low surface energy) and that between the fluid and right half of the wall (gray) " fwðRÞ is strong (high surface energy). The low or high surface energy represents different types of molecular interactions. For low surface energy, the fluid-wall interaction is weak and mainly repulsive, while both repulsive and attractive interactions are strong for high surface energy.The channel walls are constructed by truncating a rectangular portion from a face-centered cubic structure with a lattic...

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“…Generally speaking of a PC (a desktop or a notebook), it is important to maintain the operation temperature of the central processing unit (CPU) below a certain level, otherwise the PC reliability is compromised [1]. Miniature heat pipe coolers fitted with a heat sink are an optimum choice, taking into account both cost and performance, due to their simple structure, lack of active elements needed for working fluid transport and high efficiency of heat transfer [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of cooling systems based on heat pipe principle to control operation temperature of high-tech electronic components

Dobre

Pârvulescu

Stoica

et al. 2010

Applied Thermal Engineering

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To cite this version:Tănase Dobre, Anicuţa Stoica, Gustav Iavorschi, Oana Cristina Pârvulescu.Characterization of cooling systems based on heat pipe principle to control operation temperature of hightech electronic components. Applied Thermal Engineering, Elsevier, 2010, 30 (16) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThe use of cooling systems based on heat pipe principle to control operation temperature of electronic components is very efficient. They have an excellent miniaturizing capacity and this fact creates adaptability for more practical situations.Starting from the observation that these cooling systems are not precisely characterized from the thermal efficiency point of view, the present paper proposes a methodology of data acquisition for their thermal characterization. An experimental set-up and a data processing algorithm are shown to describe the cooling of a heat generating electronic device using heat pipes. A Thermalright SI-97 PC cooling system is employed as a case-study to determine the heat transfer characteristics of a fins cooler.

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Advances in mesoscale thermal management technologies for microelectronics

Cited by 169 publications

References 81 publications

Review and Comparative Analysis of Studies on Saturated Flow Boiling in Small Channels

Review and Comparative Analysis of Studies on Saturated Flow Boiling in Small Channels

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Composite Nanochannels as Nanopumps Driven by Symmetric Temperature Gradients

Characterization of cooling systems based on heat pipe principle to control operation temperature of high-tech electronic components

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